Robb Claire, Small Brent, Haley William E
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Aging Ment Health. 2008 Jul;12(4):423-33. doi: 10.1080/13607860802224326.
The present study examines the impact of functional disability on subjective well-being (SWB) and the moderating effects of personal resources on a sample of 144 community-dwelling, older adult couples age 60-84 years, with emphasis on gender differences in both direct and moderating effects. Functional disability in self and in the spouse was associated with poorer well-being in both men and women, but differences were found by gender in the effects of coping resources. While high neuroticism was associated with poorer well-being for both husbands and wives, extraversion and social support had unique benefits in enhancing well-being only in husbands. Husbands were more introverted, and had fewer social resources, and individual differences in social resources may be more critical for older husbands. Results are interpreted in terms of gender differences in coping and their implications for interventions to enhance well-being in older adults.
本研究调查了功能残疾对主观幸福感（SWB）的影响以及个人资源的调节作用，样本为144对居住在社区、年龄在60 - 84岁的老年夫妇，重点关注直接效应和调节效应中的性别差异。自我和配偶的功能残疾与男性和女性较差的幸福感都有关联，但在应对资源的影响方面发现了性别差异。虽然高神经质与丈夫和妻子较差的幸福感都有关联，但外向性和社会支持仅在提升丈夫的幸福感方面有独特益处。丈夫更内向，拥有的社会资源更少，社会资源的个体差异对老年丈夫可能更为关键。研究结果从应对方面的性别差异及其对提高老年人幸福感干预措施的影响角度进行了解释。
