Center on Aging, NORC at the University of Chicago, 1155 East 60 Street, 2 Floor, Chicago, IL 60637-2745, USA.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2013 May;68(3):443-54. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbt013.
This study compared changes in self-reported depressive symptoms in the United States and Japan across 2 points in time. The investigation focused on the gendered processes of intergenerational coresidence and support as the primary distinctions between nations.
Fixed-effects models were fit to examine the covariates of depressive symptoms in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the Nihon University Japanese Longitudinal Study of Aging.
Gender differences in depressive symptoms persisted across survey waves in both nations, with Japanese men reporting sharper increases by Time 2 than Japanese women. Getting older was associated with more depressive symptoms among Japanese men, whereas income provided a slight buffering effect. Coresiding with daughters also appeared to protect Japanese men and women with functional limitations from depressive symptoms. HRS data demonstrated that changes in marital status and physical health were correlated with increased depressive symptoms for men and women in the United States.
The analyses revealed more variety in Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale reports by gender in Japan than in the United States. Future research should consider the diversity of contemporary Japanese households, reflecting new interpretations of traditional family support relationships.
本研究比较了美国和日本在两个时间点的自我报告抑郁症状的变化。该研究的重点是代际同住和支持的性别过程，这是两国之间的主要区别。
采用固定效应模型来检验健康与退休研究（HRS）和日本大学老龄化纵向研究的抑郁症状的协变量。
在两个国家的调查波中，抑郁症状在性别上存在差异，日本男性在第 2 次调查时的抑郁症状增幅高于日本女性。年龄增长与日本男性的抑郁症状增多有关，而收入则有轻微的缓冲作用。与女儿同住也似乎能保护有功能障碍的日本男性和女性免受抑郁症状的影响。HRS 数据表明，美国男性和女性的婚姻状况和身体健康变化与抑郁症状的增加有关。
分析结果显示，日本在中心性抑郁量表报告中，性别差异比美国更为多样化。未来的研究应考虑当代日本家庭的多样性，反映对传统家庭支持关系的新解释。
