Timi Juan Tomás, Lanfranchi Ana Laura
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
Parasitol Res. 2009 Jan;104(2):295-302. doi: 10.1007/s00436-008-1191-1. Epub 2008 Sep 16.
The extent to which the structure of parasite infracommunities and component communities is determined by the composition of the compound community was assessed by determining the importance of unspecific larval parasites relative to the other guilds (ectoparasites and adult endoparasites). This was analyzed under the hypothesis that the infracommunities harbored by any fish species in coastal waters of the northern Argentine sea will be dominated by unspecific larval stages, which also will be the determinants of the infracommunity structure. These predictions were tested in the Atlantic sea robin, Prionotus nudigula. A total of 1,570 metazoans belonging to 11 species were found in the overall sample (total prevalence = 98%). Larval endoparasites, especially Corynosoma australe and Grillotia sp., were the best represented species, with a deep influence on the infracommunity structure, accounting for the highest proportion of individuals, dominating about 60% of the infracommunities, greatly determining all infracommunity descriptors, and producing marked changes in the similarity among infracommunities. Given the abundance and broad distribution of unspecific larval parasites in the compound community, infracommunities can be considered as subsets of the species available regionally. They are obtained by passive sampling of infective stages as fish feed, and lead to predictable assemblages, with a non-random composition and structure modeled mainly by ecological filters.
通过确定非特异性幼虫寄生虫相对于其他类群（外寄生虫和成年内寄生虫）的重要性，评估了复合群落组成对寄生虫群落和组分群落结构的影响程度。这是在以下假设下进行分析的：阿根廷海北部沿海水域中任何鱼类所携带的群落将由非特异性幼虫阶段主导，这些幼虫阶段也将是群落结构的决定因素。这些预测在大西洋鲂鮄（Prionotus nudigula）中进行了检验。在总体样本中总共发现了属于11个物种的1570个后生动物（总患病率=98%）。幼虫内寄生虫，尤其是南方冠吻吸虫（Corynosoma australe）和格氏线虫（Grillotia sp.），是占比最大的物种，对群落结构有深远影响，占个体比例最高，主导了约60%的群落，极大地决定了所有群落描述指标，并使群落间的相似性产生显著变化。鉴于复合群落中非特异性幼虫寄生虫的丰富度和广泛分布，群落可被视为区域内可用物种的子集。它们是通过鱼类摄食时对感染阶段的被动采样获得的，并导致可预测的组合，其非随机的组成和结构主要由生态过滤模型决定。
