Khominsky B S
Neoplasma. 1976;23(4):389-403.
Oxidoreductases were studied histochemically in 162 cases of neuroectodermal tumors. In order of decreasing activity in the cytoplasma these enzymes could be arranged as follows: NADH diaphorase, lactate dehydrogenase, NADPH diaphorase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase. The weak activity of Krebs cycle enzymes and the relatively strong activity of other oxidoreductases, particularly of lactate dehydrogenase, permits to conclude that glycolysis prevails over oxidative processes in neuroectodermal tumor cells. But this should not be interpreted as a decrease of the Krebs cycle enzymes in astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma cells as compared with their parent cells because the latter themselves display a weak activity of these enzymes. A real decrease of Krebs cycle enzyme activity was established only for tumors, the parent cells of which are characterized by a strong (in choroid-papillomas) or moderate (in ependymomas) activity of these enzymes. Many neuroectodermal tumors, in particular those of astrocytic origin, demonstrate a certain correlation between the amount of cytoplasm and oxidoreductase activity. This results in enzymatic polymorphism of the tumor tissue. A certain similarity was established of the oxidoreductase activity in tumor cells and in reactive hypertophic astrocytes. This indicates that both tumor cells and reactive astrocytes may in certain conditions utilize similar mechanisms of increased metabolism. The oxidoreductase activity correlates not with the grade of anaplasia but with different directions of anaplasia reflected in different variants of neuroectodermal tumors. The concept "anaplasia" includes not only certain degrees of dedifferentiation of tumor cells but, as it has been shown histochemically, also an increase of metabolic processes in the tumor cell cytoplasma.
对162例神经外胚层肿瘤进行了氧化还原酶的组织化学研究。按照细胞质中活性递减的顺序，这些酶可排列如下：NADH黄递酶、乳酸脱氢酶、NADPH黄递酶、谷氨酸脱氢酶、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶、异柠檬酸脱氢酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶。三羧酸循环酶活性较弱，而其他氧化还原酶，尤其是乳酸脱氢酶活性相对较强，这使得我们可以得出结论：在神经外胚层肿瘤细胞中，糖酵解比氧化过程更为普遍。但这不应被解释为与它们的母细胞相比，星形细胞瘤和少突胶质细胞瘤细胞中的三羧酸循环酶减少，因为后者自身这些酶的活性就较弱。仅在那些母细胞这些酶具有强活性（脉络丛乳头状瘤）或中等活性（室管膜瘤）的肿瘤中，才确定三羧酸循环酶活性真正降低。许多神经外胚层肿瘤，尤其是星形细胞起源的肿瘤，在细胞质数量与氧化还原酶活性之间表现出一定的相关性。这导致肿瘤组织出现酶的多态性。已确定肿瘤细胞和反应性肥大星形细胞中的氧化还原酶活性存在一定相似性。这表明在某些情况下，肿瘤细胞和反应性星形细胞都可能利用相似的代谢增加机制。氧化还原酶活性与间变程度无关，而是与神经外胚层肿瘤不同变体中反映的间变不同方向相关。“间变”这一概念不仅包括肿瘤细胞一定程度的去分化，而且如组织化学所示，还包括肿瘤细胞质中代谢过程的增加。
