Wagner Dale R, D'Zatko Kim, Tatsugawa Kevin, Murray Ken, Parker Daryl, Streeper Tim, Willard Kevin
Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 Oct;40(10):1820-7. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817e91b8.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of summit success and acute mountain sickness (AMS) on Mt. Whitney (4419 m) and to identify variables that contribute to both.
Hikers (N = 886) attempting the summit were interviewed at the trailhead upon their descent. Questionnaires included demographic and descriptive data, acclimatization and altitude history, and information specific to the ascent. The Lake Louise Self-Assessment Score was used to make a determination about the occurrence of AMS. Logistic regression techniques were used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for AMS and summit success.
Forty-three percent of the sample met the criteria for AMS, and 81% reached the summit. The odds of experiencing AMS were reduced with increases in age (adjusted 10-yr OR = 0.78; P < 0.001), number of hours spent above 3000 m in the 2 wk preceding the ascent (adjusted 24-h OR = 0.71; P < 0.001), and for females (OR = 0.68; P = 0.02). Climbers who had a history of AMS (OR = 1.41; P = 0.02) and those taking analgesics (OR = 2.39; P < 0.001) were more likely to experience AMS. As climber age increased, the odds of reaching the summit decreased (adjusted 10-yr OR = 0.75; P < 0.001). However, increases in the number of hours per week spent training (adjusted 5-h OR = 1.24; P = 0.05), rate of ascent (adjusted 50 m x h(-1) OR = 1.13; P = 0.04), and previous high-altitude record (adjusted 500 m OR = 1.26; P < 0.001) were all associated with increased odds for summit success.
A high percentage of trekkers reached the summit despite having symptoms of AMS.
本研究旨在确定惠特尼山（4419米）登顶成功和急性高山病（AMS）的发生率，并识别与之相关的变量。
尝试登顶的徒步旅行者（N = 886）在下山时于步道起点接受访谈。问卷包括人口统计学和描述性数据、适应情况和海拔经历，以及与登山相关的特定信息。使用路易斯湖自我评估评分来判定AMS的发生情况。采用逻辑回归技术计算AMS和登顶成功的比值比（OR）。
43%的样本符合AMS标准，81%成功登顶。随着年龄增长（调整后的10年OR = 0.78；P < 0.001）、登山前2周内海拔3000米以上停留时间增加（调整后的24小时OR = 0.71；P < 0.001）以及女性（OR = 0.68；P = 0.02），发生AMS的几率降低。有AMS病史的登山者（OR = 1.41；P = 0.02）和服用镇痛药的登山者（OR = 2.39；P < 0.001）更易发生AMS。随着登山者年龄增加，登顶几率降低（调整后的10年OR = 0.75；P < 0.001）。然而，每周训练时间增加（调整后的5小时OR = 1.24；P = 0.05）、上升速度（调整后的50米×小时⁻¹ OR = 1.13；P = 0.04）以及既往高海拔记录（调整后的500米OR = 1.26；P < 0.001）均与登顶成功几率增加相关。
尽管有AMS症状，仍有很高比例的徒步旅行者成功登顶。
