Connelly R J
Incarnate Word College, San Antonio, Texas 78209.
J Med Philos. 1991 Jun;16(3):325-41. doi: 10.1093/jmp/16.3.325.
The placebo effect is a common phenomenon in therapy and research but has received very little attention as such in nursing research. This article reviews some of the literature which shows the placebo effect, which can be positive or negative, is a significant force. Then it is argued that, while all health professionals have a general obligation to benefit their patients, nursing has a special, specific obligation to enhance the placebo effect, to maximize a positive effect and minimize a negative effect. Nursing education, current policy statements, and circumstances of clinical practice explain this obligation. Nursing research is needed to clarify the multiple ways in which the social and physical environment can trigger a placebo effect. As nursing expands its knowledge of this effect, it can begin to educate patients to the self-care implications of this pervasive but misunderstood phenomenon.
安慰剂效应是治疗和研究中的一种常见现象，但在护理研究中却很少受到如此关注。本文回顾了一些文献，这些文献表明安慰剂效应，可能是积极的也可能是消极的，是一种重要力量。然后有人认为，虽然所有医疗专业人员都有使患者受益的一般义务，但护理有特殊、明确的义务增强安慰剂效应，使积极效应最大化，消极效应最小化。护理教育、当前的政策声明以及临床实践情况解释了这一义务。需要进行护理研究，以阐明社会和物理环境引发安慰剂效应的多种方式。随着护理对这种效应的认识不断扩展，它可以开始让患者了解这种普遍但被误解的现象对自我护理的影响。
