Kanner A D, Feldman S S
Stanford University, California 94305.
J Behav Med. 1991 Apr;14(2):187-201. doi: 10.1007/BF00846179.
The relationship of perceived control over daily uplifts and hassles to depression and restraint was examined in a sample of 140 middle-class sixth graders. Results indicated that greater control over uplifts was associated with better functioning and lower control over hassles with poorer functioning, even after partialing out the respective number of uplifts and hassles reported. Moreover, when directly compared, control over uplifts showed more powerful associations with adaptational outcomes than did control over hassles. In a separate analysis, the number of uplifts over which children reported high control showed opposite relationships to adaptational outcomes than did the number of uplifts over which children reported low control. A different pattern appeared for hassles. Although the number of hassles with low control was associated with poorer functioning, the number of hassles over which children had high control was unrelated to adaptational outcomes. The possibility that control operates somewhat differently for positive and negative events is discussed.
在一个由140名中产阶级六年级学生组成的样本中，研究了对日常愉快之事和烦恼之事的感知控制与抑郁及克制之间的关系。结果表明，对愉快之事有更大的控制与更好的机能相关，而对烦恼之事控制较少则与较差的机能相关，即使在排除了所报告的愉快之事和烦恼之事的各自数量之后也是如此。此外，直接比较时，对愉快之事的控制比之对烦恼之事的控制，与适应结果的关联更为强烈。在一项单独分析中，孩子们报告有高度控制的愉快之事的数量，与适应结果呈现出与孩子们报告有低度控制的愉快之事的数量相反的关系。烦恼之事呈现出不同的模式。虽然控制较少的烦恼之事的数量与较差的机能相关，但孩子们有高度控制的烦恼之事的数量与适应结果无关。文中讨论了控制对积极和消极事件的运作方式可能有所不同的可能性。
