Probst Tahira M, Brubaker Ty L, Barsotti Anthony
Department of Psychology, Washington State University Vancouver, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA.
J Appl Psychol. 2008 Sep;93(5):1147-54. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.5.1147.
The goals of this study were (a) to assess the extent to which construction industry workplace injuries and illness are underreported, and (b) to determine whether safety climate predicts the extent of such underreporting. Data from 1,390 employees of 38 companies contracted to work at a large construction site in the northwestern United States were collected to assess the safety climate of the companies. Data from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) logs kept by the contractors allowed for calculation of each company's OSHA recordable injury rate (i.e., the reported injury rate), whereas medical claims data from an Owner-Controlled Insurance Program provided the actual experienced rate of injuries for those same companies. While the annual injury rate reported to OSHA was 3.11 injuries per 100 workers, the rate of eligible injuries that were not reported to OSHA was 10.90 injuries per 100 employees. Further, organizations with a poor safety climate had significantly higher rates of underreporting (81% of eligible injuries unreported) compared with organizations with a positive safety climate (47% of eligible injuries unreported). Implications for organizations and the accuracy of the Bureau of Labor Statistics's national occupational injury and illness surveillance system are discussed.
（a）评估建筑行业工作场所受伤和患病情况未被报告的程度；（b）确定安全氛围是否能预测这种未报告情况的程度。收集了美国西北部一个大型建筑工地38家承包商的1390名员工的数据，以评估这些公司的安全氛围。承包商保存的职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）日志数据用于计算每家公司的OSHA可记录伤害率（即报告的伤害率），而业主控制保险计划的医疗索赔数据则提供了这些公司实际经历的伤害率。虽然向OSHA报告的年伤害率为每100名工人中有3.11起伤害，但未向OSHA报告的合格伤害率为每100名员工中有10.90起伤害。此外，安全氛围较差的组织与安全氛围积极的组织相比，未报告率显著更高（未报告的合格伤害占81%）（未报告的合格伤害占47%）。文中讨论了对组织以及劳工统计局国家职业伤害和疾病监测系统准确性的影响。
