Frowd Charlie D, Bruce Vicki, Smith Ashley J, Hancock Peter J B
School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom.
J Exp Psychol Appl. 2008 Sep;14(3):276-87. doi: 10.1037/1076-898X.14.3.276.
Witnesses to and victims of serious crime are normally asked to describe the appearance of a criminal suspect, using a Cognitive Interview (CI), and to construct a facial composite, a visual representation of the face. Research suggests that focusing on the global aspects of a face, as opposed to its facial features, facilitates recognition and improves composite quality; also, that the CI enables more effective use of a composite system. The current study evaluated a novel "holistic" Cognitive Interview (H-CI). This comprised a descriptive phase, using a CI, followed by a recognition-enhancing phase, involving the attribution of seven holistic properties. Participant-witnesses watched a video of a target, then 3 to 4 hours later received either a CI or an H-CI and constructed a single composite with a standard system, PRO-fit. Composites constructed after the H-CI were correctly named more than four times as often as those after the CI, attributable to an improvement in the quality of both the internal and external parts of the face. In police work, the H-CI offers the possibility of substantially improving the identification of criminal suspects.
严重犯罪的目击者和受害者通常会被要求通过认知访谈（CI）来描述犯罪嫌疑人的外貌，并制作面部合成像，即面部的视觉呈现。研究表明，关注面部的整体特征而非面部特征，有助于识别并提高合成像的质量；此外，认知访谈能够更有效地使用合成像系统。当前的研究评估了一种新型的“整体”认知访谈（H-CI）。它包括一个使用认知访谈的描述阶段，随后是一个增强识别的阶段，涉及赋予七种整体属性。参与研究的目击者观看了一个目标的视频，然后在3至4小时后接受认知访谈或整体认知访谈，并使用标准系统PRO-fit制作一个单一的合成像。整体认知访谈后制作的合成像被正确识别的次数是认知访谈后制作的合成像的四倍多，这归因于面部内部和外部部分质量的提高。在警方工作中，整体认知访谈提供了大幅提高犯罪嫌疑人识别率的可能性。
