Artz Andrew S
Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Semin Hematol. 2008 Oct;45(4):261-6. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2008.06.002.
Frailty engenders a recognizable clinical syndrome of vulnerability to stressors related to impaired physiologic reserve that primarily occurs among older adults. Features of frailty include weight loss, exhaustion, muscle weakness, performance impairment, and cognitive slowing and can be identified independent of comorbid conditions. Among frail older adults, anemia prevalence is markedly increased. The interaction between anemia and frailty is complex and confidently separating cause and effect may not be possible. Nevertheless, anemia functions as a powerful prognostic factor for the development of frailty related problems such as muscle weakness, reduced performance, falls, and mortality. Further, mildly reduced hemoglobin shows a similar association with adverse outcomes. The data strongly intimate that anemia predisposes or accelerates the development of frailty. Anemia interventional studies are sorely needed to determine whether treatment may mitigate either the development of frailty and/or the sequela of frailty.
衰弱是一种可识别的临床综合征，表现为对与生理储备受损相关的应激源的易感性，主要发生在老年人中。衰弱的特征包括体重减轻、疲惫、肌肉无力、功能受损以及认知迟缓，并且可以独立于共病情况进行识别。在衰弱的老年人中，贫血患病率显著增加。贫血与衰弱之间的相互作用很复杂，可能无法确切区分因果关系。然而，贫血是衰弱相关问题（如肌肉无力、功能下降、跌倒和死亡）发生的有力预后因素。此外，血红蛋白轻度降低也与不良结局存在类似关联。数据有力地表明，贫血易引发或加速衰弱的发展。迫切需要进行贫血干预研究，以确定治疗是否可以减轻衰弱的发展和/或衰弱的后遗症。
