Chang Chih-Han, Lin Si-Min, Chen Jiun-Hong
Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2008 Dec;49(3):958-68. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.08.025. Epub 2008 Sep 10.
The earthworms of the Metaphire formosae species group distributed in Taiwan are members of the Pheretima complex within the Megascolecidae. In this study, the systematics and phylogeography of this species group were investigated using DNA sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), 16S ribosomal (r)RNA, and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1). The results indicated that the 13 taxa of the M. formosae species group form a clade, including a cryptic species discovered in this study. In addition, Metaphire hengchunensis (James, S.W., Shih, H.-T., Chang, H.-W., 2005. Seven new species of Amynthas (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) and new earthworm records from Taiwan. J. Nat. Hist. 39, 1007-1028) should be regarded as a subspecies of Metaphire paiwanna Tsai, C.-F., Shen, H.-P., Tsai, S.-C., 2000a. Native and exotic species of terrestrial earthworm (Oligochaeta) in Taiwan with reference to Northeast Asia. Zool. Stud. 39, 285-294, Tsai, C.-F., Tsai, S.-C., Liaw, G.-J., 2000b. Two new species of pontandric pheretimoid earthworms belonging to the genus Metaphire (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) from Taiwan. J. Nat. Hist. 34, 1731-1741, and Metaphire bununa glareosa Tsai et al. 2000 should be elevated to specific status. Phylogeographical inferences showed that allopatric speciation occurred in this species group during the rapid uplift of the main island of Taiwan between 5.0 and 2.5 million years ago. Our analysis exposes non-monophyly within each of the genera Amynthas and Metaphire, and more generally within the Pheretima complex. Further revisions of this speciose complex are urgently needed.
分布于台湾的福尔摩沙后孔寡毛蚓物种组的蚯蚓是巨蚓科环毛蚓复合体的成员。在本研究中，利用线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I（COI）、16S核糖体（r）RNA和NADH脱氢酶亚基1（ND1）的DNA序列，对该物种组的系统发育和系统地理学进行了研究。结果表明，福尔摩沙后孔寡毛蚓物种组的13个分类单元形成一个分支，包括本研究中发现的一个隐存种。此外，恒春后孔寡毛蚓（James, S.W., Shih, H.-T., Chang, H.-W., 2005. 台湾环毛蚓属七个新种及蚯蚓新记录。《自然历史杂志》39, 1007 - 1028）应被视为台湾后孔寡毛蚓（Tsai, C.-F., Shen, H.-P., Tsai, S.-C., 2000a. 台湾本土和外来的陆地蚯蚓（寡毛纲）及其与东北亚的关系。《动物学研究》39, 285 - 294）的一个亚种，而台湾后孔寡毛蚓（Tsai, C.-F., Tsai, S.-C., Liaw, G.-J., 2000b. 台湾后孔寡毛蚓属两种新的半陆栖类环毛蚓。《自然历史杂志》34, 1731 - 1741）和布氏后孔寡毛蚓（Tsai等人，2000）应提升为独立物种。系统地理学推断表明，在500万至250万年前台湾主岛快速隆升期间，该物种组发生了异域成种。我们的分析揭示了爱胜蚓属和后孔寡毛蚓属内各自的非单系性，更普遍地说，在环毛蚓复合体内也是如此。迫切需要对这个物种丰富的复合体进行进一步修订。
