Mengual Ximo, Ståhls Gunilla, Rojo Santos
Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales/Instituto Universitario CIBIO, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2008 Dec;49(3):715-27. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.011. Epub 2008 Sep 26.
Phylogenetic relationships of genera Allograpta, Sphaerophoria and Exallandra (Diptera, Syrphidae) were analyzed based on sequence data from the mitochondrial protein-coding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the nuclear 28S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes. The three genera are members of the subfamily Syrphinae, where nearly all members feed as larvae on soft-bodied Hemiptera and other arthropods. Phytophagous species have recently been discovered in two subgenera of Allograpta, sg Fazia and a new subgenus from Costa Rica. Phylogenetic analyses of the combined datasets were performed using parsimony, under static alignment and direct optimization, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Congruent topologies obtained from all the analyses indicate paraphyly of the genus Allograpta with respect to Sphaerophoria and Exallandra. Exallandra appears embedded in the genus Sphaerophoria, and both genera are placed within Allograpta. The distribution of phytophagous taxa in Allograpta indicates that plant feeding evolved at least twice in this group.
基于线粒体蛋白编码基因细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I（COI）以及核28S和18S核糖体RNA基因的序列数据，对全斑食蚜蝇属（Allograpta）、球蚜蝇属（Sphaerophoria）和异蚜蝇属（Exallandra）（双翅目，食蚜蝇科）的系统发育关系进行了分析。这三个属均为食蚜蝇亚科的成员，该亚科几乎所有成员的幼虫均以软体半翅目昆虫和其他节肢动物为食。最近在全斑食蚜蝇属的两个亚属，即法齐亚亚属（sg Fazia）和来自哥斯达黎加的一个新亚属中发现了植食性物种。使用简约法，在静态比对和直接优化、最大似然法和贝叶斯推断下，对合并数据集进行了系统发育分析。从所有分析中获得的一致拓扑结构表明，相对于球蚜蝇属和异蚜蝇属，全斑食蚜蝇属是并系的。异蚜蝇属似乎嵌套在球蚜蝇属中，并且这两个属都位于全斑食蚜蝇属内。全斑食蚜蝇属中植食性类群的分布表明，该类群中植物取食行为至少独立进化了两次。
