D'amico M, D'amico G, Frascarello M, Paniccia M, Roncoletta P, Vallasciani M
Istituto di Riabilitazione S.Stefano Via Aprutina 194, 62016 Porto Potenza Picena MC Italy.
Stud Health Technol Inform. 2008;140:79-84.
Since several years our group is working on a project to merge into a full 3D reliable and detailed human skeleton representation various segmental biomechanical models presented in literature. The obtained 3D skeleton model is fully parametric and can be fitted to each subject anthropometric characteristics. A non-ionising approach based on 3D opto-electronic measurements of body landmarks labelled by passive markers has been chosen to build the 3D parametric biomechanical skeleton model. A special focus has been devoted to identify and model the spine with a correct degree of accuracy and reliability. In spine pain related pathologies is of major importance the evaluation of functional limitations associated. This requires to integrate morphological characteristics with information deriving from other measurements devices as force platform data, surface EMG, foot pressure maps. The aim of this study is to present a multi-factorial approach which integrates rachis morphological characteristics with full skeleton kinematic, dynamic and SEMG measurements to quantify spine function and mobility in particular for neck and low back pain. A set of clinical-biomechanical tests have been implemented. Static posture characteristics are first evaluated. After that, patient is asked to perform specific motion test batteries in order to fully measure the whole ROMs (spine angles ranges and spine shape modifications) for Axial rotations, forward-backward flexion-extension, lateral bendings per each spine functional units (Skull and neck, thoracic and lumbar districts). During forward bending also a digital Schober test is performed. Such data are correlated to simultaneous SEMG muscle activities recording to investigate motor co-ordination/dysfunction as well as the presence absence of flexion-relaxation phenomena associated to pain.
多年来，我们团队致力于一个项目，即将文献中提出的各种节段性生物力学模型合并成一个完整的、可靠且详细的三维人体骨骼模型。所获得的三维骨骼模型是完全参数化的，能够适配每个受试者的人体测量特征。我们选择了一种基于对由被动标记物标记的身体标志点进行三维光电测量的非电离方法来构建三维参数化生物力学骨骼模型。我们特别关注以正确的精度和可靠性来识别和建模脊柱。在与脊柱疼痛相关的病症中，评估相关的功能限制至关重要。这需要将形态特征与来自其他测量设备（如力平台数据、表面肌电图、足底压力图）的信息相结合。本研究的目的是提出一种多因素方法，该方法将脊柱形态特征与全骨骼的运动学、动力学和表面肌电图测量相结合，以量化脊柱功能和活动度，特别是针对颈部和下背部疼痛。我们实施了一系列临床生物力学测试。首先评估静态姿势特征。之后，要求患者进行特定的运动测试组合，以全面测量每个脊柱功能单元（颅骨和颈部、胸椎和腰椎区域）在轴向旋转、前后屈伸、侧弯时的整个活动范围（脊柱角度范围和脊柱形状变化）。在向前弯曲时，还会进行数字式Schober试验。这些数据与同步记录的表面肌电图肌肉活动相关联，以研究运动协调/功能障碍以及与疼痛相关的屈伸放松现象是否存在。
