Division of Experimental Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 4 Blackfan Circle, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Clin Exp Metastasis. 2010 Feb;27(2):97-105. doi: 10.1007/s10585-008-9210-2. Epub 2008 Sep 24.
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and second leading cause of cancer death in women. Ninety percent of mortality in breast cancer is often associated with metastatic progression or relapse in patients. Critical stages in the development of aggressive breast cancer include the growth of primary tumors and their ability to spread to foreign organs and form metastases, as well as the establishment of an independent blood supply within the new tumors. Hence, it is imperative to characterize the key molecules that regulate the metastasis of human breast cancer cells. The expression of CXCR4/CXCL12 in breast tumors has been correlated with a poor prognosis, increased metastasis, resistance to conventional therapeutic agents and a poor outcome in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. However, effective anti-CXCR4 therapy remains a challenge. Here, we will review the putative involvement of the CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling axis in breast cancer metastasis to the brain. Characterization of signaling events important for breast cancer cell growth and their metastasis to the brain should provide insights into breast cancer therapies and improved, successful treatments for breast cancer.
乳腺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤，也是女性癌症死亡的第二大主要原因。乳腺癌 90%的死亡率通常与患者的转移进展或复发有关。侵袭性乳腺癌发展的关键阶段包括原发性肿瘤的生长及其向外地器官扩散和形成转移的能力，以及新肿瘤内独立血液供应的建立。因此，必须对调节人乳腺癌细胞转移的关键分子进行特征描述。乳腺癌肿瘤中 CXCR4/CXCL12 的表达与预后不良、转移增加、对常规治疗药物的耐药性以及乳腺癌发病机制中的不良结局相关。然而，有效的抗 CXCR4 治疗仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们将回顾 CXCR4/CXCL12 信号轴在乳腺癌向大脑转移中的假定作用。对乳腺癌细胞生长及其向大脑转移的重要信号事件的特征描述，应该为乳腺癌治疗和改善乳腺癌成功治疗提供新的见解。
