Jumah M D, Fleiner F, Wendt S, Pavel M, Schwabe M, Göktas O
Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin.
HNO. 2009 Feb;57(2):135-41. doi: 10.1007/s00106-008-1815-x.
Small cell carcinoma of the larynx is a rare, poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). It is often diagnosed late, with delayed initiation of adequate therapy.
The data for eight patients were retrospectively analyzed with regard to clinical information, surveillance, and diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
The histopathologic diagnosis was made after a mean of 2.88+/-2.52 months after the first symptoms occurred. Staging and exclusion of an extralaryngeal primary was completed 1.75+/-1.7 months after the histological diagnosis. Seventy-five percent (n=6) of the patients already had regional or systemic metastases. Systemic metastases were detected in 50% (n=4) of the patients by FDG-positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Primary (n=4) or postoperative (n=3) radiochemotherapy was performed 3.07+/-1.32 months after initial diagnosis. Overall survival (n=6) was 12.83 +/-3.76 months.
Studies providing high-level evidence cannot be expected because of the low incidence of small cell NEC. Efficient diagnosis should be followed immediately by combined radiochemotherapy. As with small cell bronchial carcinoma, small cell NEC of the larynx should be regarded as a systemic disease and be treated in a similar way.
喉小细胞癌是一种罕见的、低分化神经内分泌癌（NEC）。其诊断往往较晚，充分治疗的起始时间延迟。
回顾性分析8例患者的临床信息、监测以及诊断和治疗策略。
首次出现症状后平均2.88±2.52个月作出组织病理学诊断。组织学诊断后1.75±1.7个月完成分期及排除喉外原发性肿瘤。75%（n = 6）的患者已有区域或全身转移。50%（n = 4）的患者通过FDG - 正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描检测到全身转移。初始诊断后3.07±1.32个月进行了原发（n = 4）或术后（n = 3）放化疗。总生存（n = 6）为12.83±3.76个月。
由于喉小细胞NEC发病率低，无法期待有提供高级别证据的研究。有效诊断后应立即进行联合放化疗。与小细胞支气管癌一样，喉小细胞NEC应被视为一种全身性疾病，并采用类似的治疗方法。
