Cheung J F, Chong S, Kitrenos J G, Fung H L
School of Pharmacy, State University of New York, Buffalo 14260.
Am J Hosp Pharm. 1991 Jul;48(7):1488-92.
Hospital pharmacies presently lack a simple and cost-effective procedure to monitor the integrity of solutions of controlled substances that they distribute. Thus, the use of refractive-index values, measured by inexpensive hand-held refractometers, in monitoring such solutions was studied. Four refractometers were used to measure the refractive index or % Brix (an index of the percentage of solid in solution) of solutions of a number of controlled substances, including fentanyl citrate, morphine sulfate, hydromorphone hydrochloride, and meperidine hydrochloride. The hand-held refractometers provided precise readings with small variabilities. Although this method does not determine the actual drug concentration per se, subversion of the monitoring procedure for many solutions would require considerable forethought and scientific knowledge. A refractometric survey of 83 controlled-substance solutions returned to the hospital pharmacy showed the procedure to be capable of identifying a solution of unexpected concentration. The described refractometric procedure is rapid, simple, reproducible, inexpensive, and applicable to a wide array of drug solutions. Hospital pharmacies may consider using the procedure for routine monitoring of solutions of controlled substances.
目前，医院药房缺乏一种简单且经济高效的程序来监测其分发的管制药品溶液的完整性。因此，研究了使用廉价手持式折射仪测量的折射率值来监测此类溶液。使用四台折射仪测量了多种管制药品溶液的折射率或波美度（溶液中固体百分比的指标），这些药品包括枸橼酸芬太尼、硫酸吗啡、盐酸氢吗啡酮和盐酸哌替啶。手持式折射仪提供了精确的读数，且变异性很小。虽然这种方法本身并不能确定实际的药物浓度，但要颠覆许多溶液的监测程序需要相当多的预先考虑和科学知识。对退回医院药房的83种管制药品溶液进行的折射测量调查表明，该程序能够识别出浓度异常的溶液。所描述的折射测量程序快速、简单、可重复、成本低廉，并且适用于各种各样的药物溶液。医院药房可考虑使用该程序对管制药品溶液进行常规监测。
