The brain of the common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus murinus (Wagner, 1840): a cytoarchitectural atlas.

The vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus, is exceptionally agile and stealthy in nature. Feeding at night on cattle blood, it is a known scourge carrying rabies. It is endowed with a very high neocortical volume among bats, acute olfactory capabilities and an accessory olfactory system. These characteristics have resulted into an impressive number of neuroanatomical investigations except a long due atlas on its brain. This study presents a cytoarchitectural atlas of the brain of the common vampire, Desmodus rotundus murinus, in the frontal plane, serially between the olfactory bulb and the medulla oblongata. Twenty six selected sections are presented, each separated by about 300 to 560 microns. The atlas figures show lugol fast blue-cresyl echt violet stained hemisections with their matching half in a labeled line drawing. About 595 discrete brain structures (some repeating) have been identified. This study is likely to provide the accurate localization of nuclear groups, whole structures, fiber tracts, and interconnections to facilitate future neuroanatomical and neurophysiological investigations on the vampire brain.