Pease L R, Horton R M, Pullen J K, Cai Z L
Department of Immunology, Mayo Graduate School, Rochester, MN 55905.
Crit Rev Immunol. 1991;11(1):1-32.
Sequence comparisons among class I genes provide insight into the nature and origins of diversity in the human and mouse MHC. The profiles of diversity among alleles and between different loci indicate that genetic interactions among class I genes generate sequence diversity in both species. Humans and mice differ in the extent that sequence transfer occurs between loci. In mice, sequences encoding the antigen binding domain show little evidence of locus specificity. A series of mouse class I mutants have been analyzed, providing strong evidence that interlocus gene conversion plays a significant role in the exchange of sequences among class I genes. A similar process is suspected in human class I and both mouse and human class II genes. However, the transfer of sequence among genes in these groups appears to occur predominantly between alleles and only to a minor extent between loci.
I类基因之间的序列比较有助于深入了解人类和小鼠MHC多样性的本质和起源。等位基因之间以及不同基因座之间的多样性概况表明，I类基因之间的遗传相互作用在这两个物种中都产生了序列多样性。人类和小鼠在位点之间发生序列转移的程度上存在差异。在小鼠中，编码抗原结合域的序列几乎没有位点特异性的证据。一系列小鼠I类突变体已被分析，这为基因座间基因转换在I类基因之间的序列交换中起重要作用提供了有力证据。在人类I类以及小鼠和人类II类基因中也怀疑存在类似过程。然而，这些基因群体中基因之间的序列转移似乎主要发生在等位基因之间，仅在较小程度上发生在位点之间。
