Smith Bruce W, Zautra Alex J
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2008 Oct;76(5):799-810. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.76.5.799.
The purpose of this study was to test a 2-factor model of affective health in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA; n = 82) or osteoarthritis (OA; n = 88). Positive and negative social interactions and affect were assessed for 11 consecutive weeks. For each participant, Vulnerability and Resilience factors were created from factor analyses of positive and negative personal characteristics, respectively. Multilevel analyses tested the hypothesis that weekly changes in social interactions or affect would only be predicted by the factor of the same valence. The Vulnerability (and not the Resilience) factor predicted changes in negative interactions. The Resilience (and not the Vulnerability) factor predicted changes in positive interactions. The Vulnerability (and not the Resilience) factor predicted changes in current and next-week negative affect. The Resilience and Vulnerability factors each predicted changes in current and next-week positive affect, although the effects for Vulnerability were smaller than for Resilience. Finally, the Vulnerability factor interacted with pain to predict more future negative affect. The main implication is that both Vulnerability and Resilience should be considered in theory, research, and interventions.
本研究旨在检验类风湿性关节炎（RA；n = 82）或骨关节炎（OA；n = 88）女性情感健康的双因素模型。连续11周评估积极和消极的社会互动及情感。对于每位参与者，分别从积极和消极个人特征的因素分析中得出脆弱性和复原力因素。多层次分析检验了以下假设：社会互动或情感的每周变化仅由同效价因素预测。脆弱性（而非复原力）因素预测了消极互动的变化。复原力（而非脆弱性）因素预测了积极互动的变化。脆弱性（而非复原力）因素预测了当前和下周消极情感的变化。复原力和脆弱性因素均预测了当前和下周积极情感的变化，尽管脆弱性的影响小于复原力。最后，脆弱性因素与疼痛相互作用，预测更多未来消极情感。主要启示是，在理论、研究和干预中都应考虑脆弱性和复原力。
