Sui G, Fuqua M A, Ulven C A, Zhong W H
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
Bioresour Technol. 2009 Feb;100(3):1246-51. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.065. Epub 2008 Oct 7.
Polypropylene (PP) composites reinforced using a novel plant fiber, sunflower hull sanding dust (SHSD), were prepared using a twin-screw extruder. Thermal and mechanical properties of the SHSD/PP composites were characterized and compared to an organically modified clay (organo-clay)/PP composite. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the crystallization temperature and the degree of crystallinity of PP exhibited changes with addition of SHSD and organo-clay. Mechanical properties of the PP were enhanced with the addition of SHSDs. Both the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the PP composites containing 5% (w/w) SHSD were comparable to that of the 5% (w/w) organo-clay reinforced PP. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation showed that no obvious agglomeration of SHSD existed in the PP matrix. Compared to the neat PP and organo-clay/PP, the SHSD/PP composites exhibited a relatively decreasing rate of thermal degradation with increase in temperature. Experimental results suggest that SHSD, as a sunflower processing byproduct, may find promising applications in composite materials.
采用双螺杆挤出机制备了一种新型植物纤维增强聚丙烯（PP）复合材料，即向日葵壳磨砂粉尘（SHSD）增强PP复合材料。对SHSD/PP复合材料的热性能和力学性能进行了表征，并与有机改性粘土（有机粘土）/PP复合材料进行了比较。差示扫描量热法（DSC）分析表明，PP的结晶温度和结晶度随SHSD和有机粘土的添加而发生变化。添加SHSD可提高PP的力学性能。含有5%（w/w）SHSD的PP复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量均与含有5%（w/w）有机粘土增强的PP相当。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察表明，SHSD在PP基体中不存在明显的团聚现象。与纯PP和有机粘土/PP相比，SHSD/PP复合材料随温度升高热降解速率相对降低。实验结果表明，SHSD作为向日葵加工副产物，在复合材料中可能具有广阔的应用前景。
