Chagnon M, D'Allaire S, Drolet R
Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec.
Can J Vet Res. 1991 Apr;55(2):180-4.
This investigation was conducted to study the incidence and the causes of sow mortality in breeding herds. Data were obtained from 24 swine breeding herds with an average inventory of 3755 sows and served gilts for the total sample. Producers were involved for 12 consecutive months and agreed to submit to the diagnostic laboratory every dead or moribund sow and served gilt. The average herd death rate was 3.3% +/- 0.5 (SEM), but varied considerably among herds, ranging from 0% to 9.2%. A total of 137 sows and mated gilts died during the year, and these females had produced an average of 4.2 litters +/- 0.2 (SEM). The number of deaths was significantly higher during the months of July, August and October. The peripartum period appeared to be when sows were most at risk, with 42% of all deaths occurring during this short period of the reproductive cycle. The three major causes of death were heart failure (31.4%), torsions and accidents of abdominal organs (15.3%) and cystitis-pyelonephritis (8.0%). Other causes included endometritis (6.6%), uterine prolapses (6.6%), pneumonia (3.6%), gastric ulcers (3.6%), downer sow syndrome (2.2%), miscellaneous (8.0%) and unknown (14.6%).
本调查旨在研究繁殖猪群中母猪死亡的发生率及原因。数据来自24个猪繁殖群，总样本包括平均存栏3755头母猪及配种后备母猪。生产者连续参与12个月，并同意将每头死亡或濒死的母猪及配种后备母猪送交诊断实验室。猪群平均死亡率为3.3%±0.5（标准误），但不同猪群之间差异很大，范围从0%到9.2%。全年共有137头母猪和配种后备母猪死亡，这些母猪平均产仔4.2窝±0.2（标准误）。7月、8月和10月的死亡数量显著更高。围产期似乎是母猪风险最高的时期，所有死亡中有42%发生在生殖周期的这一短时期内。死亡的三大主要原因是心力衰竭（31.4%）、腹部器官扭转和意外（15.3%）以及膀胱炎-肾盂肾炎（8.0%）。其他原因包括子宫内膜炎（6.6%）、子宫脱垂（6.6%）、肺炎（3.6%）、胃溃疡（3.6%）、瘫痪母猪综合征（2.2%）、其他（8.0%）和不明原因（14.6%）。
