Holdsworth Samantha J, Bammer Roland
Lucas MRS/I Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Semin Neurol. 2008 Sep;28(4):395-406. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1083697. Epub 2008 Oct 8.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive technique which can acquire important quantitative and anatomical information from an individual in any plane or volume at comparatively high resolution. Over the past several years, developments in scanner hardware and software have enabled the acquisition of fast MRI imaging, proving extremely useful in various clinical and research applications such as in brain mapping or functional MRI (fMRI), perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). These techniques have revolutionized the use of MRI in the clinics, providing great insight into physiologic mechanisms and pathologic conditions. Since these relatively new areas of MRI have relied on fast scanning techniques, they have only recently been widely introduced to clinical sites. As such, this review article is devoted to the technological aspects of these techniques, as well as their roles and limitations in neuroimaging applications.
磁共振成像（MRI）是一种非侵入性技术，它能够以相对较高的分辨率从个体的任何平面或体积中获取重要的定量和解剖学信息。在过去几年中，扫描仪硬件和软件的发展使得快速MRI成像得以实现，这在各种临床和研究应用中，如脑图谱绘制或功能磁共振成像（fMRI）、灌注加权成像（PWI）和扩散加权成像（DWI）中，证明非常有用。这些技术彻底改变了MRI在临床中的应用，为生理机制和病理状况提供了深入的见解。由于MRI的这些相对较新的领域依赖于快速扫描技术，它们直到最近才被广泛引入临床场所。因此，这篇综述文章致力于探讨这些技术的技术方面，以及它们在神经成像应用中的作用和局限性。
