Withrow S J, Powers B E, Straw R C, Wilkins R M
Colorado State University, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Fort Collins 80523.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991 Sep(270):159-68.
Canine osteosarcoma bears striking resemblance to osteosarcoma in humans. Similarities include the following: male sex predilection, large patient size, 75% or more affecting the appendicular site, metaphyseal location, generally unknown etiology, less than 10% of patients have documented metastasis at presentation, over 90% of tumors show high-grade histology, 75% of tumors show aneuploidy, the metastatic rate is 80% or more with amputation alone, the lung is the most common site of metastasis, and there is improved survival with adjuvant chemotherapy. The major differences are age of onset, with dogs being affected in middle age; greater frequency in the dog, with over 8000 new cases per year; and time to metastasis being faster in the dog than man. Canine osteosarcoma is a readily available and highly comparable spontaneously occurring cancer that should be useful in a better understanding of the same disease in humans.
犬骨肉瘤与人类骨肉瘤极为相似。相似之处包括：雄性居多、病犬体型较大、75%或更多病例发生于四肢部位、位于干骺端、病因通常不明、不到10%的病犬在初诊时有记录在案的转移、超过90%的肿瘤为高级别组织学表现、75%的肿瘤显示非整倍体、仅行截肢术转移率达80%或更高、肺是最常见的转移部位，辅助化疗可提高生存率。主要差异在于发病年龄，犬发病于中年；犬的发病率更高，每年新增病例超过8000例；犬发生转移的时间比人类更快。犬骨肉瘤是一种易于获取且具有高度可比性的自发癌症，有助于更好地了解人类的同一种疾病。
