Beardsall Kathryn, Dunger David
Clinical Lecturer Neonatology, University Department of Paediatrics, Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
Early Hum Dev. 2008 Dec;84(12):839-42. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.09.013. Epub 2008 Oct 10.
The perinatal period is known to be a critical period for pancreatic development, and the impact of prematurity on the development of insulin secretion and sensitivity is poorly defined. Premature infants are at risk of hyperglycaemia which is a marker of relative insulin deficiency which impacts on anabolism both directly and indirectly by regulation of insulin like growth factors. The use of insulin in preterm infants and prevention of hyperglycaemia could also effect immune function, lipid metabolism, growth and IGF-I generation leading to improved short term clinical outcomes such as retinopathy of prematurity. It may also have longer term health effects however the outcomes of clinical trials are currently awaited.
围产期是胰腺发育的关键时期，而早产对胰岛素分泌和敏感性发育的影响尚不明确。早产儿有高血糖风险，高血糖是相对胰岛素缺乏的标志，它通过调节胰岛素样生长因子直接或间接影响合成代谢。在早产儿中使用胰岛素和预防高血糖也可能影响免疫功能、脂质代谢、生长和IGF-I生成，从而改善短期临床结局，如早产儿视网膜病变。然而，它可能也会产生长期健康影响，目前正在等待临床试验的结果。
