Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC-0169, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2012 Jan;62(1):191-205. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.09.014. Epub 2011 Sep 29.
Phylogenetic relationships between two New World Syrphinae taxa (Diptera, Syrphidae), i.e. the highly diverse genus Ocyptamus and the large genus Toxomerus, were analysed based on molecular characters. The monophyly of both taxa was tested and the taxonomic status of included subgenera and species groups was examined. Toxomerus constitutes the monogeneric tribe Toxomerini with more than 140 described species, while Ocyptamus (tribe Syrphini) is a very diverse genus (over 300 spp.) with multiple recognised subgenera and species groups. Sequence data from three gene regions were used: the mitochondrial protein-coding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the nuclear 28S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes. The secondary structure of two expansion segments (D2, D3) of the ribosomal 28S RNA gene is presented for the family Syrphidae and used for the first time in a multiple sequence alignment. Molecular data were analysed using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Toxomerus was always recovered as monophyletic within Ocyptamus, and relationships to other New World taxa such as Salpingogaster (Eosalpingogaster) were well-supported. Only the subgenera and species groups of Ocyptamus were consistently recovered as monophyletic lineages, thus the apparent non-monophyly of Ocyptamus demands reclassification of this clade.
基于分子特征分析了两个新世界食蚜蝇科（双翅目）分类单元，即高度多样的 Ocyptamus 属和大型 Toxomerus 属之间的系统发育关系。检验了这两个分类单元的单系性，并检查了所包括的亚属和物种群的分类地位。Toxomerus 构成了单属的 Toxomerini 族，拥有超过 140 个已描述的物种，而 Ocyptamus（Syrphini 族）是一个非常多样化的属（超过 300 个种），有多个公认的亚属和物种群。使用了三个基因区域的序列数据：线粒体蛋白编码基因细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚基 I（COI）和核 28S 和 18S 核糖体 RNA 基因。呈现了 28S 核糖体 RNA 基因两个扩展片段（D2、D3）的二级结构，这是首次在多序列比对中使用。使用简约法、最大似然法和贝叶斯推断分析了分子数据。Toxomerus 在 Ocyptamus 中始终被回收为单系，与其他新世界分类单元（如 Salpingogaster（Eosalpingogaster））的关系得到了很好的支持。只有 Ocyptamus 的亚属和物种群被一致回收为单系谱系，因此 Ocyptamus 的明显非单系性要求对这个分支进行重新分类。
