Ribeiro Sónia Carvalho, Lovett Andrew
Zuckerman Institute for Connective Environmental Research (ZICER), School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK.
J Environ Manage. 2009 Jul;90(9):2873-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.02.014. Epub 2008 Oct 10.
The integration of socio-economic and environmental objectives is a major challenge in developing strategies for sustainable landscapes. We investigated associations between socio-economic variables, landscape metrics and measures of forest condition in the context of Portugal. The main goals of the study were to 1) investigate relationships between forest conditions and measures of socio-economic development at national and regional scales, 2) test the hypothesis that a systematic variation in forest landscape metrics occurs according to the stage of socio-economic development and, 3) assess the extent to which landscape metrics can inform strategies to enhance forest sustainability. A ranking approach and statistical techniques such as Principal Component Analysis were used to achieve these objectives. Relationships between socio-economic characteristics, landscape metrics and measures of forest condition were only significant in the regional analysis of municipalities in Northern Portugal. Landscape metrics for different tree species displayed significant variations across socio-economic groups of municipalities and these differences were consistent with changes in characteristics suggested by the forest transition model. The use of metrics also helped inform place-specific strategies to improve forest management, though it was also apparent that further work was required to better incorporate differences in forest functions into sustainability planning.
将社会经济目标与环境目标相结合是制定可持续景观战略的一项重大挑战。我们在葡萄牙的背景下，研究了社会经济变量、景观指标与森林状况衡量指标之间的关联。该研究的主要目标是：1）在国家和区域尺度上调查森林状况与社会经济发展衡量指标之间的关系；2）检验森林景观指标会根据社会经济发展阶段产生系统性变化这一假设；3）评估景观指标在多大程度上可为增强森林可持续性的战略提供信息。采用了一种排序方法和主成分分析等统计技术来实现这些目标。社会经济特征、景观指标与森林状况衡量指标之间的关系仅在葡萄牙北部市镇的区域分析中显著。不同树种的景观指标在市镇的社会经济群体中呈现出显著差异，且这些差异与森林转型模型所表明的特征变化一致。指标的使用也有助于为改善森林管理的因地制宜战略提供信息，不过显然还需要进一步开展工作，以便在可持续性规划中更好地纳入森林功能的差异。
