Murakami Takenobu, Sakuma Kenji, Nakashima Kenji
Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2008 Dec;119(12):2862-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.09.002. Epub 2008 Oct 11.
Athletes perform skilled movements during games and daily training. We hypothesized that the cortical representation in athletes differs from that in non-athletes.
Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) were recorded from seven healthy football players, seven healthy racquet players and seven healthy non-athletes. Electrical stimuli were delivered to the posterior tibial nerves and the median nerves, bilaterally. Cortical and spinal SEPs and sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) were recorded. SEPs were recorded by 0.3-3000Hz filter. HFOs were separated by 400-800Hz band-pass filtering. SNAPs were recorded by 20-2000Hz filter.
The P37-N45 amplitude in football players and the N20-P25 amplitude in racquet players were significantly larger than those in non-athletes. The number of negative peaks of HFOs from the posterior tibial nerve in football players and the HFO amplitudes from the median nerve in racquet players were significantly larger than those in non-athletes. The earlier an individual started playing football, the larger the P37-N45 amplitude. Neither spinal SEPs nor SNAPs differed significantly among the three groups.
Daily long-term training brings about plastic excitation in the somatosensory cortex representation of the trained limbs in athletes.
Plastic changes in the somatosensory cortex are induced specifically by physical training.
运动员在比赛和日常训练中会进行复杂的动作。我们推测运动员的皮质表征与非运动员不同。
记录了7名健康足球运动员、7名健康网球运动员和7名健康非运动员的体感诱发电位（SEP）和高频振荡（HFO）。双侧将电刺激施加于胫后神经和正中神经。记录皮质和脊髓SEP以及感觉神经动作电位（SNAP）。SEP通过0.3 - 3000Hz滤波器记录。HFO通过400 - 800Hz带通滤波分离。SNAP通过20 - 2000Hz滤波器记录。
足球运动员的P37 - N45波幅和网球运动员的N20 - P25波幅显著大于非运动员。足球运动员胫后神经HFO的负峰数量和网球运动员正中神经HFO的波幅显著大于非运动员。个体开始踢足球的时间越早，P37 - N45波幅越大。三组之间脊髓SEP和SNAP均无显著差异。
日常长期训练使运动员训练肢体的体感皮质表征产生可塑性兴奋。
体感皮质的可塑性变化是由体育训练特异性诱导的。
