D'Angelo E, Robatto F M, Calderini E, Tavola M, Bono D, Torri G, Milic-Emili J
Istituto di Fisiologia Umana, Università di Milano, Italy.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1991 Jun;70(6):2602-10. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1991.70.6.2602.
Pulmonary and chest wall mechanics were studied in 18 anesthetized paralyzed supine humans by use of the technique of rapid airway occlusion during constant-flow inflation. Analysis of the changes in transpulmonary pressure after flow interruption allowed partitioning of the overall resistance of the lung (RL) into two compartments, one (Rint,L) reflecting airway resistance and the other (delta RL) representing the viscoelastic properties of the pulmonary tissues. Similar analysis of the changes in esophageal pressure indicates that chest wall resistance (RW) was due entirely to the viscoelastic properties of the chest wall tissues (delta RW = RW). In line with previous measurements of airway resistance, Rint,L increased with increasing flow and decreased with increasing volume. The opposite was true for both delta RL and delta RW. This behavior was interpreted in terms of a viscoelastic model that allowed computation of the viscoelastic constants of the lung and chest wall. This model also accounts for frequency, volume, and flow dependence of elastance of the lung and chest wall. Static and dynamic elastances, as well as delta R, were higher for the lung than for the chest wall.
通过在恒流充气过程中使用快速气道阻塞技术，对18名麻醉、瘫痪且仰卧的人体进行了肺和胸壁力学研究。对气流中断后跨肺压变化的分析，可将肺的总阻力（RL）分为两个部分，一个部分（Rint,L）反映气道阻力，另一个部分（δRL）代表肺组织的粘弹性特性。对食管压力变化的类似分析表明，胸壁阻力（RW）完全归因于胸壁组织的粘弹性特性（δRW = RW）。与先前气道阻力的测量结果一致，Rint,L随流量增加而增加，随容积增加而减小。δRL和δRW的情况则相反。这种行为根据一个粘弹性模型进行了解释，该模型允许计算肺和胸壁的粘弹性常数。该模型还解释了肺和胸壁弹性对频率、容积和流量的依赖性。肺的静态和动态弹性以及δR均高于胸壁。
