Structure and expression of the human gene encoding testicular H1 histone (H1t).

The gene coding for the human H1t histone, a testis-specific H1 subtype, was isolated from a genomic library using a human somatic H1 gene as a hybridization probe. The corresponding mRNA is not polyadenylated and encodes a 206-amino-acid protein. Sequence analysis and S1 nuclease mapping of the human H1t gene reveals that the 5' flanking region contains several consensus promoter elements, as described for somatic, i.e., S-phase-dependent H1 subtype genes. The 3' region includes the stem-and-loop structure necessary for mRNA processing of most histone mRNAs. Northern blot analysis with RNAs from different human tissues and cell lines revealed that only testicular RNA hybridized with this gene probe.