Nolen-Hoeksema S, Morrow J
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, California 94305.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1991 Jul;61(1):115-21. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.61.1.115.
Measures of emotional health and styles of responding to negative moods were obtained for 137 students 14 days before the Loma Prieta earthquake. A follow-up was done 10 days again 7 weeks after the earthquake to test predictions about which of the students would show the most enduring symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress. Regression analysis showed that students who, before the earthquake, already had elevated levels of depression and stress symptoms and a ruminative style of responding to their symptoms had more depression and stress symptoms for both follow-ups. Students who were exposed to more dangerous or difficult circumstances because of the earthquake also had elevated symptom levels 10 days after the earthquake. Similarly, students who, during the 10 days after the earthquake, had more ruminations about the earthquake were still more likely to have high levels of depressive and stress symptoms 7 weeks after the earthquake.
在洛马普列塔地震发生前14天，对137名学生进行了情绪健康测量以及应对负面情绪方式的调查。地震发生7周后，又在10天后进行了随访，以检验关于哪些学生会出现最持久的抑郁和创伤后应激症状的预测。回归分析表明，在地震前就已经有较高抑郁和压力症状水平且对自身症状采用沉思式应对方式的学生，在两次随访中都有更多的抑郁和压力症状。因地震而暴露于更危险或困难环境中的学生在地震后10天也有较高的症状水平。同样，在地震后的10天里对地震有更多沉思的学生，在地震7周后仍更有可能有较高水平的抑郁和压力症状。
