Swami Viren, Arteche Adriane, Chamorro-Premuzic Tomas, Maakip Ismail, Stanistreet Debbi, Furnham Adrian
Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK.
Br J Health Psychol. 2009 Sep;14(Pt 3):519-40. doi: 10.1348/135910708X370781. Epub 2008 Oct 14.
This study examined beliefs about the causes and determinants of health, illness, and recovery in an opportunistic sample from Malaysia. In all, 371 women and 350 men completed the Health and Illness Scale, a 124-item scale that examined beliefs about current and future health, and beliefs about the causes of illness and recovery. Each of the four subscales of the Health Illness Scale were factor analysed to reveal the underlying structure. Results showed the emergence of a number of distinct factors in the case of each subscale, of which environmental, life-style, psychological, religious, and fate-related factors were fairly stable across subscales. Results also showed a number of differences in beliefs between religious groups, and that religiosity and sex were the strongest predictors of beliefs across the four subscales. The results are discussed in terms of the available cross-cultural literature on lay beliefs about health.
本研究调查了马来西亚一个机会样本中关于健康、疾病及康复的成因和决定因素的观念。共有371名女性和350名男性完成了健康与疾病量表，这是一个包含124个项目的量表，用于考察对当前和未来健康的观念，以及对疾病成因和康复的观念。对健康与疾病量表的四个子量表分别进行因子分析以揭示其潜在结构。结果显示，每个子量表都出现了一些不同的因子，并发现环境、生活方式、心理、宗教和命运相关因子在各子量表中相当稳定。结果还显示，不同宗教群体之间的观念存在一些差异，宗教信仰和性别是四个子量表中观念的最强预测因素。将根据现有的关于外行对健康观念的跨文化文献对研究结果进行讨论。
