Sattentau Quentin
The Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2008 Nov;6(11):815-26. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro1972.
The initial stages of animal virus infection are generally described as the binding of free virions to permissive target cells followed by entry and replication. Although this route of infection is undoubtedly important, many viruses that are pathogenic for humans, including HIV-1, herpes simplex virus and measles, can also move between cells without diffusing through the extracellular environment. Cell-to-cell spread not only facilitates rapid viral dissemination, but may also promote immune evasion and influence disease. This Review discusses the various mechanisms by which viruses move directly between cells and the implications of this for viral dissemination and pathogenesis.
动物病毒感染的初始阶段通常被描述为游离病毒粒子与易感靶细胞结合，随后进入细胞并进行复制。尽管这种感染途径无疑很重要，但许多对人类致病的病毒，包括HIV-1、单纯疱疹病毒和麻疹病毒，也可以在细胞间移动，而不通过细胞外环境扩散。细胞间传播不仅有助于病毒快速传播，还可能促进免疫逃逸并影响疾病。本综述讨论了病毒在细胞间直接移动的各种机制及其对病毒传播和发病机制的影响。
