Purkrtova Zita, Jolivet Pascale, Miquel Martine, Chardot Thierry
UMR 206 Chimie biologique, AgroParisTech, INRA, BP 1, 78850 Thiverval Grignon, France.
C R Biol. 2008 Oct;331(10):746-54. doi: 10.1016/j.crvi.2008.07.016. Epub 2008 Sep 4.
Many organisms among the different kingdoms store reserve lipids in discrete subcellular organelles called lipid bodies. In plants, lipid bodies can be found in seeds but also in fruits (olives, ...), and in leaves (plastoglobules). These organelles protect plant lipid reserves against oxidation and hydrolysis until seed germination and seedling establishment. They can be stabilized by specific structural proteins, namely the oleosins and caleosins, which act as natural emulsifiers. Considering the putative role of some of them in controlling the size of lipid bodies, these proteins may constitute important targets for seed improvement both in term of oil seed yield and optimization of technological processes for extraction of oil and storage proteins. We present here an overview of the data on the structure of these proteins, which are scarce, and sometimes contradictory and on their functional roles.
不同生物界中的许多生物体将储备脂质储存在称为脂质体的离散亚细胞细胞器中。在植物中，脂质体不仅存在于种子中，也存在于果实（如橄榄等）和叶片（质体小球）中。这些细胞器保护植物脂质储备免受氧化和水解，直至种子萌发和幼苗形成。它们可以通过特定的结构蛋白，即油质蛋白和钙结合蛋白来稳定，这些蛋白起着天然乳化剂的作用。考虑到其中一些蛋白在控制脂质体大小方面的假定作用，这些蛋白可能成为提高油料种子产量以及优化油脂和储存蛋白提取工艺过程方面种子改良的重要靶点。我们在此概述了关于这些蛋白结构的数据，这些数据稀少，有时相互矛盾，同时也概述了它们的功能作用。
