Department of Agronomy, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Building, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
Department of Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry, Proteomics and Systems Biology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Building C6, 14071, Córdoba, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 1;11(1):7427. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86766-2.
The main aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of individual and joint fertilization with P and Zn on maize plants grown on typical Mediterranean soils with a limited Zn availability. For this purpose, we examined the effects of P and Zn fertilization individually and in combination on growth, yield and grain protein content in maize grown in pots filled with three different Mediterranean soils (LCV, FER and INM). Phosphorus and Zn translocation to grain was impaired, and aboveground dry matter and yield at harvest reduced by 8-85% (LCV and FER), in plants treated with Zn or P alone relative to unfertilized (control) plants. In contrast, joint fertilization with P and Zn enhanced translocation of these nutrients to grain and significantly increased aboveground dry matter (30% in LCV, 50% in FER and 250% in INM) and grain Zn availability in comparison with control plants. Also, joint application of both nutrients significantly increased grain P (LCV) and Zn (LCV and FER) use efficiency relative P and Zn, respectively, alone. Yield was increased between 31% in LCV and 121% in FER relative to control plants, albeit not significantly. Fertilization with P or Zn significantly influenced the abundance of specific proteins affecting grain quality (viz., storage, lys-rich and cell wall proteins), which were more abundant in mature grains from plants fertilized with Zn alone and, to a lesser extent, P + Zn. Sustainable strategies in agriculture should consider P-Zn interactions in maize grown on soils with a limited availability of Zn, where Zn fertilization is crucial to ensure grain quality.
本研究的主要目的是阐明在典型地中海土壤上，个体和联合施用 P 和 Zn 对玉米的生长、产量和籽粒蛋白质含量的影响，这些土壤中 Zn 有效性有限。为此，我们研究了 P 和 Zn 单独和联合施肥对盆栽中三种不同地中海土壤（LCV、FER 和 INM）种植的玉米生长、产量和籽粒蛋白质含量的影响。与未施肥（对照）的植株相比，单独用 Zn 或 P 处理的植株，Zn 或 P 处理植株的籽粒 Zn 向地上部的转运和地上部干物质及收获时的产量分别降低了 8-85%（LCV 和 FER）。相比之下，P 和 Zn 联合施肥可促进这些养分向籽粒的转运，并显著增加地上部干物质（LCV 增加 30%，FER 增加 50%，INM 增加 250%）和籽粒 Zn 的有效性，与对照植株相比。此外，与单独施用 P 或 Zn 相比，这两种养分的联合施用分别显著提高了籽粒 P（LCV）和 Zn（LCV 和 FER）的利用效率。与对照植株相比，LCV 的产量增加了 31%，FER 的产量增加了 121%，但差异不显著。施肥处理显著影响了影响籽粒品质的特定蛋白质的丰度（即储存蛋白、富含赖氨酸蛋白和细胞壁蛋白），与对照植株相比，单独用 Zn 施肥的植株的成熟籽粒中这些蛋白质的丰度更高，而用 P+Zn 施肥的植株的丰度则较低。在 Zn 有效性有限的土壤上种植玉米时，农业可持续策略应考虑 P-Zn 相互作用，在这些土壤中，Zn 施肥对于确保籽粒品质至关重要。
