Improving psychostimulant adherence in children with ADHD.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric disorder of childhood, characterized by excessive inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Effective medication exists for the condition, yet suboptimal long-term effects persist for children with ADHD. Poor adherence is a common issue for individuals with chronic conditions, including children and those with psychiatric conditions, and ADHD is no exception. This review examines the available evidence regarding patterns of long-term use of stimulant medication and the predictors of medication discontinuation among children with ADHD, and suggests future clinical and research directions for improving adherence in children with ADHD.