Arciniegas David B, McAllister Thomas W
Brain Injury Rehabilitation Unit, HealthONE Spalding Rehabilitation Hospital, Aurora, CO 80011, USA.
Crit Care Clin. 2008 Oct;24(4):737-65, viii. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2008.06.001.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in approximately 230,000 hospitalizations annually in the United States. Advances in the acute management of TBI have improved survival after TBI. Many TBI survivors develop neurobehavioral disturbances in the acute post-injury period. Neurobehavioral sequelae present clinical management challenges for critical care professionals. This article defines and describes TBI and reviews its common neuroanatomic and neurobehavioral consequences. These disturbances are organized under the framework of posttraumatic encephalopathy, and the characteristic forms and stages of recovery of this condition are discussed. Recommendations regarding evaluation and management of posttraumatic neurobehavioral problems in the critical care setting are offered.
在美国，创伤性脑损伤（TBI）每年导致约23万例住院治疗。TBI急性管理方面的进展提高了TBI后的生存率。许多TBI幸存者在伤后急性期会出现神经行为障碍。神经行为后遗症给重症护理专业人员带来了临床管理挑战。本文定义并描述了TBI，并综述了其常见的神经解剖学和神经行为后果。这些障碍在创伤后脑病的框架下进行组织，并讨论了该病症恢复的特征形式和阶段。还提供了关于重症护理环境中创伤后神经行为问题评估和管理的建议。
