Soriano Sirena, Curry Kristen, Sadrameli Saeed S, Wang Qi, Nute Michael, Reeves Elizabeth, Kabir Rasadul, Wiese Jonathan, Criswell Amber, Schodrof Sarah, Britz Gavin W, Gadhia Rajan, Podell Kenneth, Treangen Todd, Villapol Sonia
Department of Neurosurgery, Houston, TX, USA.
Center for Neuroregeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
Brain Behav Immun Health. 2022 Mar 1;21:100438. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100438. eCollection 2022 May.
Concussions, both single and repetitive, cause brain and body alterations in athletes during contact sports. The role of the brain-gut connection and changes in the microbiota have not been well established after sports-related concussions or repetitive subconcussive impacts. We recruited 33 Division I Collegiate football players and collected blood, stool, and saliva samples at three time points throughout the athletic season: mid-season, following the last competitive game (post-season), and after a resting period in the off-season. Additional samples were collected from four athletes that suffered from a concussion. 16S rRNA sequencing of the gut microbiome revealed a decrease in abundance for two bacterial species, Eubacterium rectale, and Anaerostipes hadrus, after a diagnosed concussion. No significant differences were found regarding the salivary microbiome. Serum biomarker analysis shows an increase in GFAP blood levels in athletes during the competitive season. Additionally, S100β and SAA blood levels were positively correlated with the abundance of Eubacterium rectale species among the group of athletes that did not suffer a diagnosed concussion during the sports season. These findings provide initial evidence that detecting changes in the gut microbiome may help to improve concussion diagnosis following head injury.
无论是单次还是重复性脑震荡，都会在接触性运动中导致运动员大脑和身体发生改变。在与运动相关的脑震荡或重复性次脑震荡撞击后，脑-肠轴连接及微生物群变化的作用尚未完全明确。我们招募了33名一级大学橄榄球运动员，并在整个赛季的三个时间点采集血液、粪便和唾液样本：赛季中期、最后一场比赛后（赛季后）以及休赛期休息一段时间后。另外还从4名患有脑震荡的运动员身上采集了样本。对肠道微生物群进行16S rRNA测序发现，确诊脑震荡后，直肠真杆菌和哈氏厌氧棒状菌这两种细菌的丰度降低。唾液微生物群方面未发现显著差异。血清生物标志物分析显示，在比赛赛季期间，运动员血液中胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）水平升高。此外，在赛季中未被诊断为脑震荡的运动员组中，S100β和血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）的血液水平与直肠真杆菌的丰度呈正相关。这些发现提供了初步证据，表明检测肠道微生物群的变化可能有助于改善头部受伤后脑震荡的诊断。
