Petala M, Samaras P, Zouboulis A, Kungolos A, Sakellaropoulos G P
Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Water Res. 2008 Dec;42(20):4929-40. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.09.018. Epub 2008 Oct 1.
Reclamation of municipal effluents by advanced treatment processes is an attractive perspective for facing certain water shortage problems. However, the application of tertiary techniques should be thoroughly examined for their potential hazardous effects. Ozonation is an efficient chemical oxidation method, often used in wastewater reclamation, which may result in by-products that may alter the toxic and mutagenic properties of effluents. In this study, Ames test and Microtox test were used for the evaluation of ozonation efficiency to upgrade secondary effluents quality. In general, the toxic response and mutagenic effect without metabolic activation of test species were influenced mainly by the ozone dose and ozonation duration, whereas the mutagenic effect with metabolic activation was influenced mainly by ozone dose, indicating that ozone conditions strongly affect the formation of by-products. In most cases, the toxicity was increased and reached up to 100% (in relation to that of secondary effluent) after ozonation with 8.0 mg O3/L for 5 min. On the contrary, in most cases the mutagenic activity towards strain TA98 without metabolic activation was reduced, when ozone dose and contact time increased. However, the mutagenicity was also increased after ozonation at low ozone doses and for contact times less than 5 min. The mutagenic activity of treated effluents towards strain TA98 with metabolic activation remained about the same or was reduced, compared to that of secondary effluent, and was even eliminated after ozonation with 8.0 mg O3/L for contact times higher than 5 min.
通过先进处理工艺回收城市污水是应对某些水资源短缺问题的一个有吸引力的前景。然而，三级处理技术的应用因其潜在的有害影响而应进行全面审查。臭氧氧化是一种高效的化学氧化方法，常用于废水回收，这可能会产生改变废水毒性和致突变性的副产物。在本研究中，采用艾姆斯试验和微毒性试验来评估臭氧氧化提高二级出水水质的效率。一般来说，受试物种在无代谢活化情况下的毒性反应和致突变作用主要受臭氧剂量和臭氧氧化时间的影响，而有代谢活化时的致突变作用主要受臭氧剂量影响，这表明臭氧条件强烈影响副产物的形成。在大多数情况下，用8.0 mg O3/L臭氧氧化5分钟后，毒性增加，最高可达100%（相对于二级出水）。相反，在大多数情况下，当臭氧剂量和接触时间增加时，对TA98菌株无代谢活化的致突变活性降低。然而，在低臭氧剂量和接触时间小于5分钟的臭氧氧化后，致突变性也会增加。与二级出水相比，经处理的废水对有代谢活化的TA98菌株的致突变活性保持不变或降低，并且在用8.0 mg O3/L臭氧氧化接触时间高于5分钟后甚至消除。
