Watts E J
St Mary's Hospital, Portsmouth, UK.
Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1991 Apr;2(2):221-5. doi: 10.1097/00001721-199104000-00001.
Haemostatic changes may explain the paradoxical observations that regular exercise helps to prevent ischaemic heart disease but the risk of myocardial infarction and sudden death is actually increased during exercise. This study measured relevant haemostatic variables in 100 athletes before and after races of 10-26.2 miles duration and compared resting levels in athletes with 25 non-exercising controls. Prothrombin time, kaolin cephalin clotting time, fibrinogen, factor VII, factor VIII clotting (one and two stage), von Willebrand factor antigen, euglobulin clot lysis time, fibrin degradation products, full blood count, mean platelet volume, and platelet aggregation to collagen, adrenalin and adenosine diphosphate were measured. The immediate post-race results showed the familiar rise in platelet count and factor VIII clotting but there was no evidence of consumption or thrombin modification of factor VIII clotting. Platelet aggregation to adrenalin was reduced after the race and fibrinolysis was increased (P less than 0.05). The athletes at rest showed no significant differences from controls in their coagulation factor levels but showed increased fibrinolytic activity and reduced platelet aggregation to adrenalin (P less than 0.05). These results suggest a hypocoagulable rather than a hypercoagulable state during running and are consistent with the epidemiological evidence that such exercise is beneficial in the prevention of ischaemic heart disease.
规律运动有助于预防缺血性心脏病，但运动期间心肌梗死和猝死风险实际上却有所增加。本研究测量了100名运动员在进行10至26.2英里赛程前后的相关止血变量，并将运动员的静息水平与25名不运动的对照组进行比较。测量了凝血酶原时间、高岭土部分凝血活酶时间、纤维蛋白原、因子VII、因子VIII凝血（一期和二期）、血管性血友病因子抗原、优球蛋白凝块溶解时间、纤维蛋白降解产物、全血细胞计数、平均血小板体积以及血小板对胶原蛋白、肾上腺素和二磷酸腺苷的聚集情况。赛后即时结果显示血小板计数和因子VIII凝血出现了常见的升高，但没有证据表明因子VIII凝血存在消耗或凝血酶修饰。赛后血小板对肾上腺素的聚集减少，纤维蛋白溶解增加（P小于0.05）。静息状态下的运动员与对照组相比，其凝血因子水平无显著差异，但纤维蛋白溶解活性增加，血小板对肾上腺素的聚集减少（P小于0.05）。这些结果表明跑步过程中处于低凝而非高凝状态，这与运动有益预防缺血性心脏病的流行病学证据相符。
