Wise John Pierce, Wise Sandra S, Goodale Britton C, Shaffiey Fariba, Kraus Scott, Walter Ronald B
Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth St., Portland, ME 04104, USA.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Mar;149(2):210-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.09.016. Epub 2008 Oct 5.
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is emerging as a major concern for aquatic environments, particularly marine environments. Medaka (Oryzias latipes) has been used as a model species for human and aquatic health, including the marine environment, though few studies have directly compared toxicological responses in medaka to humans or other aquatic species. We used a medaka fin cell line to compare the genotoxic response of medaka to Cr(VI) to the response observed in North Atlantic right whale cells to see if responses in medaka were similar to those of other aquatic species, particularly aquatic mammals. We used the production of chromosomal aberrations as a measure of genotoxicity. We found that in medaka cells, concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 microM sodium chromate damaged 17, 32 and 43% of metaphases, respectively and these same concentrations 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 microM sodium chromate damaged 14, 24 and 49% of metaphases, respectively, in North Atlantic right whale lung cells and 11, 32 and 41% of metaphases, respectively, in North Atlantic right whale testes cells. These data show that genotoxic responses in medaka are comparable to those seen in North Atlantic right whale cells, consistent with the hypothesis that medaka are a useful model for other aquatic species.
六价铬（Cr(VI)）正成为水生环境，尤其是海洋环境的一个主要问题。青鳉（Oryzias latipes）已被用作研究人类和水生生物健康（包括海洋环境）的模式物种，不过很少有研究直接比较青鳉与人类或其他水生物种的毒理学反应。我们使用青鳉鳍细胞系来比较青鳉对Cr(VI)的遗传毒性反应与在北大西洋露脊鲸细胞中观察到的反应，以确定青鳉的反应是否与其他水生物种，特别是水生哺乳动物的反应相似。我们将染色体畸变的产生作为遗传毒性的一个衡量指标。我们发现，在青鳉细胞中，1、5和10微摩尔的铬酸钠浓度分别使17%、32%和43%的中期细胞受损，而在北大西洋露脊鲸肺细胞中，相同浓度（1、2.5、5和10微摩尔）的铬酸钠分别使14%、24%和49%的中期细胞受损，在北大西洋露脊鲸睾丸细胞中分别使11%、32%和41%的中期细胞受损。这些数据表明，青鳉的遗传毒性反应与在北大西洋露脊鲸细胞中观察到的反应相当，这与青鳉是其他水生物种的有用模型这一假设一致。
