Newport G R
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco 94143-1204.
Semin Immunol. 1991 Jan;3(1):17-24.
Parasite heat shock proteins are phylogenetically well-conserved antigenic mosaics that nonetheless stimulate both humoral and cellular immune responses during the course of infection. These range from highly specific to broadly cross-reactive, with intermediate degrees also documented. The latter may prove beneficial, if they can be appropriately channelled to protect against multiple pathogens, or potentially harmful, if they cross-react with host components. Assessment of heat shock proteins as vaccine candidates has thus proceeded cautiously, with efforts being made to map the specificity of host immune responses to individual epitopes of the molecules. Ultimately, to serve as vaccines, the molecules must be recognized by the immune system within the context of a living pathogen, and be capable of inducing appropriate cellular and/or humoral immune responses that are effective at preventing establishment of individual pathogens. Reviewed are studies relevant to the use of parasite hsps as vaccine components, with emphasis on those from schistosomes, malaria, chlamydial, and mycobacterial parasites.
寄生虫热休克蛋白是系统发育上高度保守的抗原镶嵌体，然而在感染过程中它们会刺激体液免疫和细胞免疫反应。这些反应从高度特异性到广泛交叉反应不等，也有中间程度的反应记录在案。如果后者能够被适当地引导以抵御多种病原体，可能会被证明是有益的；但如果它们与宿主成分发生交叉反应，则可能是有害的。因此，对热休克蛋白作为候选疫苗的评估一直很谨慎，人们努力绘制宿主免疫反应对分子单个表位的特异性图谱。最终，要作为疫苗发挥作用，这些分子必须在活病原体的背景下被免疫系统识别，并能够诱导有效的细胞和/或体液免疫反应，以有效预防个体病原体的感染。本文综述了与使用寄生虫热休克蛋白作为疫苗成分相关的研究，重点是来自血吸虫、疟疾、衣原体和分枝杆菌寄生虫的研究。
