Voutilainen Markku
Department of Internal Medicine, Jyväskylä Central Hospital, Keskussairaalantie 19, FIN-40620 Jyväskylä, Finland.
Scand J Gastroenterol. 2008 Mar;43(3):323-7. doi: 10.1080/17489530701699720.
The incidence rates of oesophageal cancer vary more than those of any other cancer, world-wide. The aim of this study was to examine the epidemiological features of oesophageal cancer in the Nordic countries.
Epidemiological data from the Nordic Cancer Registry (NORDCAN Database, http://www.ancr.nu/nordcan.asp) were used for the study analysis.
From 1971 to 2000 in the Nordic countries, 18,034 oesophageal cancers were detected in males and 8216 in females. In males, the incidence rates (world age standardized incidence per 100,000) of oesophageal cancer in 1971-75 and 1996-2000 were 2.7 and 6.0 in Denmark, 4.2 and 3.2 in Finland, 3.4 and 5.6 in Iceland, 2.6 and 3.3 in Norway, and 2.9 and 3.3 in Sweden, respectively. In females, the corresponding figures were: Denmark 1.1 and 1.8, Finland 3.1 and 1.3, Iceland 2.5 and 1.3, Norway 0.7 and 0.9, and Sweden 1.1 and 1.0. Each Nordic country showed a significant geographical variation in the incidence of oesophageal cancer. In both males and females the incidence curves began rising after 40 years of age, but significantly more steeply in males than in females. Over the study period, oesophageal cancer mortality increased from 2.97 to 3.68 per 100,000 in males but decreased from 1.30 to 1.08 in females. The incidence rates of oesophageal adenocarcinoma increased in males in all Nordic countries, and the increase was most marked in Denmark. The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma also increased among Danish females, but compared with males, the incidence rate remained significantly lower.
The time trends in incidence of oesophageal cancer differ between the Nordic countries, and there has also been geographical variation within them. On a global comparison, the incidence rates of oesophageal cancer are low in the Nordic region. Oesophageal cancer is a male-predominant disease in all Nordic countries, and the incidence rates of oesophageal adenocarcinoma have increased in males and Danish females.
在全球范围内，食管癌的发病率变化比其他任何癌症都要大。本研究的目的是调查北欧国家食管癌的流行病学特征。
本研究分析采用了来自北欧癌症登记处（北欧癌症数据库，http://www.ancr.nu/nordcan.asp）的流行病学数据。
1971年至2000年期间，北欧国家男性中检测出18034例食管癌，女性中检测出8216例。在男性中，1971 - 1975年和1996 - 2000年食管癌的发病率（每10万人的世界年龄标准化发病率）在丹麦分别为2.7和6.0，芬兰为4.2和3.2，冰岛为3.4和5.6，挪威为2.6和3.3，瑞典为2.9和3.3。在女性中，相应的数据为：丹麦1.1和1.8，芬兰3.1和1.3，冰岛2.5和1.3，挪威0.7和0.9，瑞典1.1和1.0。每个北欧国家食管癌的发病率都存在显著的地理差异。男性和女性的发病率曲线在40岁以后开始上升，但男性上升得明显比女性更陡峭。在研究期间，男性食管癌死亡率从每10万人2.97上升到3.68，而女性则从1.30下降到1.08。所有北欧国家男性食管腺癌的发病率均有所上升，丹麦上升最为明显。丹麦女性食管腺癌的发病率也有所上升，但与男性相比，发病率仍显著较低。
北欧国家食管癌发病率的时间趋势存在差异，且各国国内也存在地理差异。在全球比较中，北欧地区食管癌的发病率较低。在所有北欧国家，食管癌都是以男性为主的疾病，男性和丹麦女性的食管腺癌发病率均有所上升。
