Alves N T, Aznar-Casanova J A, Fukusima S S
Universidade Federal da Paraíba, CCHLA-Departamento de Psicologia, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
Laterality. 2009 May;14(3):256-72. doi: 10.1080/13576500802362927. Epub 2008 Oct 21.
The divided visual field technique was used to investigate the pattern of brain asymmetry in the perception of positive/approach and negative/withdrawal facial expressions. A total of 80 undergraduate students (65 female, 15 male) were distributed in five experimental groups in order to investigate separately the perception of expressions of happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, and the neutral face. In each trial a target and a distractor expression were presented simultaneously in a computer screen for 150 ms and participants had to determine the side (left or right) on which the target expression was presented. Results indicated that expressions of happiness and fear were identified faster when presented in the left visual field, suggesting an advantage of the right hemisphere in the perception of these expressions. Fewer judgement errors and faster reaction times were also observed for the matching condition in which emotional faces were presented in the left visual field and neutral faces in the right visual field. Other results indicated that positive expressions (happiness and surprise) were perceived faster and more accurately than negative ones (sadness and fear). Main results tend to support the right hemisphere hypothesis, which predicts a better performance of the right hemisphere to perceive emotions, as opposed to the approach-withdrawal hypothesis.
采用视野分割技术研究大脑在感知积极/趋近和消极/回避面部表情时的不对称模式。共有80名本科生（65名女性，15名男性）被分为五个实验组，以便分别研究对快乐、惊讶、恐惧、悲伤和中性表情的感知。在每次试验中，一个目标表情和一个干扰表情同时在电脑屏幕上呈现150毫秒，参与者必须确定目标表情出现在哪一侧（左侧或右侧）。结果表明，快乐和恐惧表情出现在左视野时识别速度更快，这表明右半球在感知这些表情方面具有优势。当情绪面孔出现在左视野而中性面孔出现在右视野的匹配条件下，判断错误更少且反应时间更快。其他结果表明，积极表情（快乐和惊讶）比消极表情（悲伤和恐惧）被更快、更准确地感知。主要结果倾向于支持右半球假说，该假说预测右半球在感知情绪方面表现更好，这与趋近-回避假说相反。
