Ogden Jane, Jubb Andrew
Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, Guildford, UK.
Psychol Health Med. 2008 Oct;13(5):505-15. doi: 10.1080/13548500701767361.
Research illustrates that people hold beliefs about the causes and solutions to illness. This study aimed to assess the consistency in these beliefs in terms of their variation according to type of problem and whether they are consistent with each other. Further, the study aimed to assess whether they are open to change and whether changing beliefs about cause resulted in a subsequent shift in beliefs about solutions.
Experimental factorial 3 (problem) x 2 (manipulated cause) design using vignettes.
Two hundred seventy-nine participants rated their beliefs about the cause and solution of one of three problems (depression, obesity and sleep problems) following a vignette which described the causes as either psychological or biomedical.
Beliefs about causes and solutions varied according to type of problem indicating that beliefs are illness specific. The results also showed that people hold beliefs about causes and solutions which are consistent with each other as an endorsement of a psychological cause was consistently reflected in a belief that a psychological solution was most appropriate and effective. A similar pattern was seen for beliefs about biomedical causes and solutions. Finally, the results showed that beliefs were open to manipulation and that a shift in beliefs about causes resulted in a parallel shift in beliefs about solutions.
People hold beliefs about causes and solution which vary according to type of problem. However, they are always consistent with each other and a shift in one set of beliefs results in a significant shift in the other set.
研究表明人们对疾病的成因及解决办法持有特定观念。本研究旨在评估这些观念在因问题类型而异的情况下的一致性，以及它们彼此之间是否一致。此外，该研究旨在评估这些观念是否易于改变，以及对病因观念的改变是否会导致随后对解决办法观念的转变。
采用 vignettes 的实验性析因 3（问题）×2（人为操纵的病因）设计。
279 名参与者在阅读一段将病因描述为心理因素或生物医学因素的 vignette 后，对三个问题（抑郁症、肥胖症和睡眠问题）之一的病因及解决办法表达了自己的看法。
对病因和解决办法的看法因问题类型而异，这表明观念具有疾病特异性。结果还表明，人们对病因和解决办法的看法彼此一致，因为对心理病因的认同始终反映在认为心理解决办法最为合适和有效的观念中。对于生物医学病因和解决办法的观念也呈现出类似模式。最后，结果表明观念易于被操纵，对病因观念的转变会导致对解决办法观念的平行转变。
人们对病因和解决办法的观念因问题类型而异。然而，它们始终彼此一致，一组观念的转变会导致另一组观念的显著转变。
