Ogden Jane, Flanagan Zakk
Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, School of Human Sciences, Surrey, UK.
Patient Educ Couns. 2008 Apr;71(1):72-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2007.11.022. Epub 2008 Jan 16.
To explore general practitioners (GPs') beliefs about the causes and solutions to obesity, to compare them to those held by a lay sample and to assess the role of beliefs about causes in explaining beliefs about solutions.
Questionnaires regarding the causes and solutions to obesity were completed by GPs (n=73) and a lay sample (n=311).
GPs generally believe that obesity is caused by psychological and behavioural factors and are ambivalent about the effectiveness of the majority of available solutions. When compared to a lay population, GPs show a greater endorsement of behavioural, structural, social and psychological causes of obesity whereas the lay population prefer a more biological model of causality. The present study also provides some evidence for the origins of such beliefs about solutions and indicates consistency between GPs' beliefs about solutions and causes. For example, GPs endorse a medical solution if they believe obesity is caused by biological factors and endorse policy change as a solution if they believe it is caused by social factors. The lay sample did not show such consistency in their beliefs.
GPs believe that obesity does not belong within the medical domain. They hold a coherent model in terms of beliefs about causes and solutions which may limit their perspective on what constitutes a suitable solution to this ever common problem.
If GPs are to take responsibility for the management of obesity they should be encouraged either to change their beliefs or to consider whether solutions need always address causality.
探讨全科医生（GPs）对肥胖成因及解决方法的看法，将其与非专业样本的看法进行比较，并评估关于成因的看法在解释关于解决方法的看法中所起的作用。
全科医生（n = 73）和非专业样本（n = 311）完成了关于肥胖成因及解决方法的问卷调查。
全科医生普遍认为肥胖是由心理和行为因素导致的，并且对大多数现有解决方法的有效性持矛盾态度。与非专业人群相比，全科医生更认同肥胖的行为、结构、社会和心理成因，而非专业人群则更倾向于一种更具生物学因果关系的模型。本研究还为这些关于解决方法的看法的来源提供了一些证据，并表明全科医生关于解决方法和成因的看法具有一致性。例如，如果全科医生认为肥胖是由生物学因素导致的，他们会认可医学解决方法；如果他们认为肥胖是由社会因素导致的，就会认可政策改变作为解决方法。非专业样本在其看法中并未表现出这种一致性。
全科医生认为肥胖不属于医学范畴。他们在关于成因和解决方法的看法上持有一个连贯的模型，这可能会限制他们对于如何解决这个常见问题的合适方法的看法。
如果全科医生要对肥胖管理负责，应鼓励他们要么改变自己的看法，要么考虑解决方法是否总是需要针对因果关系。
