Phytopathology. 2003 Oct;93(10):1247-57. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.2003.93.10.1247.
ABSTRACT Structural (space) solarization of a closed, empty greenhouse for sanitation involves dry heating to 60 degrees C and higher and low relative humidity (RH), under a fluctuating temperature and RH regime. Survival of inocula of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici and Sclerotium rolfsii during structural solarization was studied for 4 years (total of 12 experiments) in an attempt to develop a dynamic model for expressing the thermal inactivation of the pathogens. After 20 days of exposure, the populations of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici and S. rolfsii were reduced by 69 to 95% and by 47.5 to 100%, respectively. The Weibull distribution model was applied to describe pathogen survival. The Weibull rate parameter, b, was found to follow an exponential (for F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici) and the Fermi (for S. rolfsii) functions at constant temperatures. To improve the applicability of the model, fluctuating conditions of both temperature and RH were utilized. The Weibull distribution derivative, expressed as a function of temperature and moisture, was numerically integrated to estimate survival of inocula exposed to structural solarization. Deviations between experimental and calculated values derived from the model were quite small and the coefficient of determination (R (2)) values ranged from 0.83 to 0.99 in 9 of 12 experiments, indicating that ambient RH data should be considered. Structural solarization for sanitation could be a viable component in integrated pest management programs.
摘要 为了卫生消毒，对封闭、空的温室进行结构（空间）日晒，需要在波动的温度和相对湿度（RH）条件下，将温度加热到 60 摄氏度及以上，并保持低 RH。本研究对尖孢镰刀菌茄科专化型（Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici）和茄丝核菌（Sclerotium rolfsii）的接种体在结构日晒期间的存活情况进行了 4 年（共 12 次实验）的研究，试图开发一个表达病原体热失活的动态模型。经过 20 天的暴露，尖孢镰刀菌茄科专化型和茄丝核菌的种群数量分别减少了 69%至 95%和 47.5%至 100%。威布尔分布模型被应用于描述病原体的存活情况。威布尔率参数 b 被发现遵循指数（对于尖孢镰刀菌茄科专化型）和费米（对于茄丝核菌）函数，在恒温下。为了提高模型的适用性，利用了温度和 RH 的波动条件。威布尔分布导数表示为温度和湿度的函数，通过数值积分来估计暴露于结构日晒下的接种体的存活情况。实验值和模型计算值之间的偏差相当小，在 12 次实验中的 9 次中，决定系数（R 2）值范围从 0.83 到 0.99，表明应该考虑环境 RH 数据。结构日晒消毒可能是综合虫害管理计划中的一个可行组成部分。
