在西班牙中东部感染朝鲜蓟的大丽轮枝菌种群中的遗传和毒力多样性。

Genetic and Virulence Diversity in Verticillium dahliae Populations Infecting Artichoke in Eastern-Central Spain.

出版信息

Phytopathology. 2006 Mar;96(3):288-98. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-96-0288.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Severe Verticillium dahliae attacks have occurred in artichoke crops in the Comunidad Valenciana region of eastern-central Spain since the late 1990s. Knowledge of genetic and virulence diversity in the pathogen population is a key factor for the management of the disease through disease risk assessment as well as development and use of resistant cultivars. V. dahliae isolates from artichoke (109 isolates) and cotton (three isolates) in that region were characterized by vegetative compatibility grouping (VCG), and specific polymerase chain reaction assays using three sets of primer pairs that differentiate the cotton-defoliating (D) and -nondefoliating (ND) V. dahliae pathotypes. In all, 35 and 39 V. dahliae isolates representative of the identified VCGs and geographic origins were tested for virulence to artichoke cvs. Nun 6374 and Nun 9444, and cotton cv. Acala SJ-2, respectively. Four VCGs were identified among 107 artichoke isolates, and 2 isolates were heterokaryon self-incompatible: VCG1A (one isolate), VCG2A (31 isolates), VCG2B (72 isolates), and VCG4B (three isolates). The three cotton isolates were VCG1A. Isolates in VCG2B were distributed across the region and were the most prevalent isolates in the northern part. Conversely, 83.9% of isolates in VCG2A were recovered from the southern part of the region. Two subgroups of isolates were identified in VCG2B based on heterokaryon compatibility with either international or local tester isolates, which further showed diversity in the amplification of 334- and 824-bp DNA fragments which are markers of the D and ND pathotypes, respectively. Virulence of isolates to artichoke and cotton correlated with VCG but the pattern of correlation varied with the host. VCG1A isolates from artichoke and cotton induced defoliation in cotton but not in artichoke. Collectively, isolates of VCG2B and VCG4B were the most virulent and isolates of VCG1A or HSI were the least virulent to artichoke; but isolates of VCG1A were more virulent to cotton than those of any other VCG. Also, molecular subgrouping in VCG2B determined by amplification of the 334- and 824-bp markers correlated with virulence of isolates to the two hosts tested.

摘要

摘要自 20 世纪 90 年代末以来，西班牙中东部瓦伦西亚地区的朝鲜蓟作物中发生了严重的黄萎病菌感染。了解病原菌群体的遗传和毒力多样性是通过疾病风险评估以及开发和使用抗性品种来管理疾病的关键因素。对该地区朝鲜蓟（109 个分离株）和棉花（3 个分离株）的黄萎病菌分离物进行了营养体相容性分组（VCG），并使用 3 组引物对进行了特定的聚合酶链反应分析，这些引物对可区分棉花落叶（D）和非落叶（ND）黄萎病菌致病型。总共对代表鉴定的 VCG 和地理起源的 35 个和 39 个黄萎病菌分离物进行了对朝鲜蓟品种 Nun 6374 和 Nun 9444 和棉花品种 Acala SJ-2 的致病力测试。在 107 个朝鲜蓟分离物中鉴定出 4 个 VCG，其中 2 个分离物为异核自不亲和：VCG1A（1 个分离物），VCG2A（31 个分离物），VCG2B（72 个分离物）和 VCG4B（3 个分离物）。在 3 个棉花分离物中为 VCG1A。VCG2B 中的分离物分布在整个地区，在北部最为普遍。相反，83.9％的 VCG2A 分离物来自该地区的南部。基于与国际或本地测试分离物的异核相容性，在 VCG2B 中鉴定出两个分离物亚组，这进一步显示了分别为 D 和 ND 致病型标记的 334-和 824-bp DNA 片段扩增的多样性。分离物对朝鲜蓟和棉花的致病力与 VCG 相关，但相关模式因宿主而异。来自朝鲜蓟和棉花的 VCG1A 分离物在棉花上诱导落叶，但在朝鲜蓟上不诱导落叶。总体而言，VCG2B 和 VCG4B 的分离物对朝鲜蓟最具毒性，而 VCG1A 或 HSI 的分离物对朝鲜蓟的毒性最低；但是，与任何其他 VCG 相比，VCG1A 的分离物对棉花的毒性更大。此外，通过扩增 334-bp 和 824-bp 标记物确定的 VCG2B 中的分子亚分组与分离物对两种测试宿主的致病力相关。