大丽轮枝菌的寄主范围特异性。

Host Range Specificity in Verticillium dahliae.

出版信息

Phytopathology. 1999 Dec;89(12):1218-25. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.12.1218.

DOI:10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.12.1218

Abstract

ABSTRACT Verticillium dahliae isolates from artichoke, bell pepper, cabbage, cauliflower, chili pepper, cotton, eggplant, lettuce, mint, potato, strawberry, tomato, and watermelon and V. albo-atrum from alfalfa were evaluated for their pathogenicity on all 14 hosts. One-month-old seedlings were inoculated with a spore suspension of about 10(7) conidia per ml using a root-dip technique and incubated in the greenhouse. Disease incidence and severity, plant height, and root and shoot dry weights were recorded 6 weeks after inoculation. Bell pepper, cabbage, cauliflower, cotton, eggplant, and mint isolates exhibited host specificity and differential pathogenicity on other hosts, whereas isolates from artichoke, lettuce, potato, strawberry, tomato, and watermelon did not. Bell pepper was resistant to all Verticillium isolates except isolates from bell pepper and eggplant. Thus, host specificity exists in some isolates of V. dahliae. The same isolates were characterized for vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) through complementation of nitrate nonutilizing (nit) mutants. Cabbage and cauliflower isolates did not produce nit mutants. The isolate from cotton belonged to VCG 1; isolates from bell pepper, eggplant, potato, and tomato, to VCG 4; and the remaining isolates, to VCG 2. These isolates were also analyzed using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Forty random primers were screened, and eighteen of them amplified DNA from Verticillium. Based on RAPD banding patterns, cabbage and cauliflower isolates formed a unique group, distinct from other V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum groups. Minor genetic variations were observed among V. dahliae isolates from other hosts, regardless of whether they were host specific or not. There was no correlation among pathogenicity, VCGs, and RAPD banding patterns. Even though the isolates belonged to different VCGs, they shared similar RAPD profiles. These results suggest that management of Verticillium wilt in some crops through crop rotation is a distinct possibility.

摘要

摘要从朝鲜蓟、甜椒、白菜、花椰菜、辣椒、棉花、茄子、生菜、薄荷、土豆、草莓、番茄和西瓜中分离出的大丽轮枝菌（Verticillium dahliae）和苜蓿中的 V. albo-atrum 被评估了对所有 14 种宿主的致病性。使用根浸技术，将约 10（7）个分生孢子/ml 的孢子悬浮液接种到 1 个月大的幼苗上，并在温室中孵育。接种后 6 周记录发病率和严重程度、植物高度以及根和茎的干重。朝鲜蓟、生菜、土豆、草莓、番茄和西瓜的分离物表现出对其他宿主的宿主特异性和差异致病性，而来自甜椒、白菜、花椰菜、棉花、茄子和薄荷的分离物则没有。除了来自甜椒和茄子的分离物外，甜椒对所有大丽轮枝菌分离物均具有抗性。因此，一些大丽轮枝菌分离物存在宿主特异性。通过互补硝酸盐非利用（nit）突变体，对相同的分离物进行营养体亲和组（VCG）的特征描述。白菜和花椰菜分离物不产生 nit 突变体。棉花分离物属于 VCG1；来自甜椒、茄子、土豆和番茄的分离物属于 VCG4；其余分离物属于 VCG2。这些分离物还通过随机扩增多态性 DNA（RAPD）方法进行了分析。筛选了 40 个随机引物，其中 18 个从 Verticillium 中扩增了 DNA。根据 RAPD 带型，白菜和花椰菜分离物形成了一个独特的群体，与其他大丽轮枝菌和 V. albo-atrum 群体不同。来自其他宿主的大丽轮枝菌分离物之间观察到较小的遗传变异，无论它们是否具有宿主特异性。致病性、VCG 和 RAPD 带型之间没有相关性。即使分离物属于不同的 VCG，它们也具有相似的 RAPD 图谱。这些结果表明，通过轮作来管理某些作物的黄萎病是一种可行的方法。