Phytopathology. 1997 Jul;87(7):766-71. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.7.766.
ABSTRACT Laboratory studies were conducted on the characteristics of beet yellows closterovirus (BYV) transmission to sugar beets by the bean aphid, Aphis fabae. The relative transmission efficiency and the retention, acquisition, and inoculation thresholds were evaluated using clonal aphid colonies. Transmission efficiency was studied between different apterous aphid species (A. fabae and Myzus persicae ), between alate and apterous morphs of A. fabae and M. persicae, and among five clonal aphid colonies of A. fabae. Results indicated, on average, that apterous M. persicae transmitted twice as efficiently as apterous A. fabae (60 and 34%, respectively), apterous forms of A. fabae were equally efficient in transmitting BYV as compared with alate A. fabae (28 and 29%, respectively), and the five clonal colonies of A. fabae ranged from 28 to 40% transmission efficiency with an average of 34%. The maximum retention time recorded for BYV by A. fabae was between 24 and 48 h. After a 1-h acquisition access, a transmission efficiency of 10% was obtained, with maximum transmission efficiency (the highest average percent transmission that is statistically different from all other previous averages) of 39% reached after 6 h of acquisition access. Inoculation thresholds occurred within 1 h, with maximum transmission efficiency (42%) reached after a 6-h inoculation access. Using an electronic monitoring system, a range of 9 to 38 min (20.5 mean) was recorded for the stylets of A. fabae to reach the phloem sieve elements. This was consistent with our threshold of a 20-min acquisition access recorded through direct observation.
摘要 本研究采用克隆蚜虫种群，对甜菜黄花叶病毒（BYV）经豆蚜（Aphis fabae）传播至甜菜单体的特征进行了实验室研究。通过克隆蚜虫种群，评估了相对传播效率以及蚜虫的持留、获得和接种阈值。研究了不同无翅蚜虫物种（A. fabae 和 M. persicae）、A. fabae 和 M. persicae 的有翅和无翅形态之间，以及 A. fabae 的 5 个克隆蚜虫种群之间的传播效率。结果表明，无翅 M. persicae 的传播效率平均比无翅 A. fabae 高两倍（分别为 60%和 34%），与有翅 A. fabae 相比，无翅 A. fabae 传播 BYV 的效率相当（分别为 28%和 29%），A. fabae 的 5 个克隆种群的传播效率在 28%至 40%之间，平均为 34%。A. fabae 记录到的 BYV 最大持留时间在 24 至 48 小时之间。在 1 小时的获得接触期后，获得了 10%的传播效率，在 6 小时的获得接触期后，达到了 39%的最高传播效率（统计学上与所有其他先前平均值不同的最高平均百分传播）。接种阈值在 1 小时内发生，在 6 小时的接种接触期后达到了 42%的最大传播效率。使用电子监测系统，记录到 A. fabae 的口针到达韧皮部筛管元素的时间范围为 9 至 38 分钟（20.5 平均值）。这与我们通过直接观察记录的 20 分钟获得接触期的阈值一致。
