Mkwanazi Ntombizodumo B, Patel Deven, Newell Marie-Louise, Rollins Nigel C, Coutsoudis A, Coovadia H M, Bland R M
Africa Centre for Health and Population Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
PLoS One. 2008;3(10):e3501. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003501. Epub 2008 Oct 23.
Rapid testing of pregnant women aims to increase uptake of HIV testing and results and thus optimize care. We report on the acceptability of HIV counselling and testing, and uptake of results, before and after the introduction of rapid testing in this area.
HIV counsellors offered counselling and testing to women attending 8 antenatal clinics, prior to enrolment into a study examining infant feeding and postnatal HIV transmission. From August 2001 to April 2003, blood was sent for HIV ELISA testing in line with the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) programme in the district. From May 2003 to September 2004 women were offered a rapid HIV test as part of the PMTCT programme, but also continued to have ELISA testing for study purposes. Of 12,323 women counselled, 5,879 attended clinic prior to May 2003, and 6,444 after May 2003 when rapid testing was introduced; of whom 4,324 (74.6%) and 4,810 (74.6%) agreed to have an HIV test respectively. Of the 4,810 women who had a rapid HIV test, only 166 (3.4%) requested to receive their results on the same day as testing, the remainder opted to return for results at a later appointment. Women with secondary school education were less likely to agree to testing than those with no education (AOR 0.648, p<0.001), as were women aged 21-35 (AOR 0.762, p<0.001) and >35 years (AOR 0.756, p<0.01) compared to those <20 years.
Contrary to other reports, few women who had rapid tests accepted their HIV results the same day. Finding strategies to increase the proportion of pregnant women knowing their HIV results is critical so that appropriate care can be given.
对孕妇进行快速检测旨在提高艾滋病毒检测及结果告知的接受率，从而优化护理。我们报告了该地区引入快速检测前后艾滋病毒咨询与检测的可接受性以及结果告知的接受情况。
在一项关于婴儿喂养及产后艾滋病毒传播的研究纳入研究对象之前，艾滋病毒咨询员为在8家产前诊所就诊的妇女提供咨询与检测。2001年8月至2003年4月，按照该地区预防母婴传播（PMTCT）项目，采集血液进行艾滋病毒酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测。2003年5月至2004年9月，作为PMTCT项目的一部分，为妇女提供快速艾滋病毒检测，但出于研究目的她们仍继续接受ELISA检测。在接受咨询的12323名妇女中，5879名在2003年5月之前就诊，6444名在2003年5月引入快速检测之后就诊；其中分别有4324名（74.6%）和4810名（74.6%）同意接受艾滋病毒检测。在接受快速艾滋病毒检测的4810名妇女中，只有166名（3.4%）要求在检测当天获取结果，其余的选择在后续预约时再来获取结果。与未受过教育的妇女相比，受过中学教育的妇女同意检测的可能性较小（调整后比值比[AOR]为0.648，p<0.001），与年龄<20岁的妇女相比，年龄在21 - 35岁（AOR为0.762，p<0.001）和>35岁（AOR为0.756，p<0.01）的妇女同意检测的可能性也较小。
与其他报告相反，很少有接受快速检测的妇女在检测当天接受她们的艾滋病毒检测结果。找到提高知晓自己艾滋病毒检测结果的孕妇比例的策略至关重要，以便能够提供适当的护理。
